This refers to cases where prefectures and municipalities have special friendly relations with foreign cities. Usually, it is between two municipalities, but there are also cases where it is between three or more municipalities. In Japan, the first sister city relationship was established in 1955 between Nagasaki and St. Paul (Minnesota) in the United States, and many other sister city relationships were established after that, such as Osaka and San Francisco (dissolved in 2018), Tokyo and New York City, Kobe and Seattle, Marseille, Nagoya and Los Angeles, Yokohama and San Diego, and Lyon. Some sister cities, such as Kyoto, have relationships with nine cities, including Paris, Boston, Cologne, and Florence. Other examples include Maizuru and Nakhodka, Niigata and Khabarovsk, and Nara and Xi'an. They are usually formed between cities with similar population size and similar or deep ties in terms of history, culture, and economy, and the largest number of cities are in the United States, followed by China, South Korea, and Australia. The main activities are cultural, economic, and human exchanges between cities. In Japan, the Council of Local Authorities for International Relations is in charge of running the association. As of October 2019, there were 1,757 sister city partnerships between Japanese cities and foreign cities, with 166 prefectures and 1,591 cities, towns, and villages in 70 countries and regions. [Seiji Yamaga and Mineaki Kanno] Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
都道府県及び市区町村が主として外国の都市との間に特別な親善友好関係を結ぶ場合の両者をいう。通常は二つの自治体の間で行われるが、三つ以上の場合もある。日本では1955年(昭和30)に長崎市がアメリカのセント・ポール(ミネソタ州)との間で結んだのが最初であり、その後、大阪市とサンフランシスコ(2018年解消)、東京都とニューヨーク市、神戸市とシアトル、マルセイユ、名古屋市とロサンゼルス、横浜市とサン・ディエゴ、リヨンなど多くの姉妹都市が生まれた。なかには、京都市のようにパリ、ボストン、ケルン、フィレンツェなど九つの都市と結んでいる例もある。他には舞鶴(まいづる)市とナホトカ、新潟市とハバロフスク、奈良市と西安市など。 人口規模が近く、歴史的、文化的、経済的に類似、あるいは深い関係のある都市との間に結ばれるのが普通で、数としてはアメリカの都市がもっとも多く、それに次ぐのが中国、韓国、オーストラリアである。都市相互間の文化的、経済的あるいは人的交流などがおもな事業である。なお、日本ではその運営に一般財団法人自治体国際化協会があたっている。 2019年(令和1)10月時点で、日本の都市と外国の都市との姉妹提携件数は1757、提携自治体別では都道府県166件、市区町村1591件で、相手国は70か国・地域である。 [山鹿誠次・菅野峰明] 出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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