Arequipa (English spelling)

Japanese: アレキパ（英語表記）Arequipa

The capital of Arequipa Province in southern Peru. It is located in the Chile River valley on the southwestern slope of the Andes, about 100 km inland from the Pacific coast, at an altitude of about 2,300 m. Surrounded by several high peaks capped with perpetual snow, including Misti Volcano (5,822 m) towering to the northeast, the city enjoys a favorable climate. The average annual temperature is about 14°C, and the annual precipitation is about 100 mm. During the Inca Empire, it was a key transportation point along the main route from the capital Cusco in the Andes to the Pacific coast. In 1540, the Spanish rebuilt it as their base in the region. Located in a fertile agricultural region where grain cultivation and grazing are thriving, it prospered as Peru's second largest city after the capital Lima. It is the commercial and industrial center of southern Peru, the largest wool processing center in the country, and various other industries are located there. Although the city has often suffered serious damage from earthquakes caused by volcanic activity, it is one of the most beautiful cities in Peru, with many buildings made of local white volcanic rock. Several colonial churches, including the cathedral built in 1612, have been restored and preserved, and it was registered as a cultural heritage of the World Heritage Sites in 2000. The city is home to the National University of San Agustin (1828) and the University of Santa Maria (1961). There are bathing beaches, hot springs, and Inca ruins nearby, making it a popular tourist destination. It is a key transportation hub, with a railway line running from the Pacific coast port of Mollendo to Cusco and Lake Titicaca, and the Pan-American Highway, which runs south along the Pacific coast, branches off into two roads near the city, leading to Chile and Bolivia, respectively. Population: 621,700 (estimated 1990).

Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information

Japanese:

ペルー南部，アレキパ県の県都。太平洋岸から約 100km内陸，アンデス山脈南西斜面のチリ川河谷にあり，標高約 2300m。北東にそびえるミスティ火山 (5822m) をはじめいくつかの万年雪を戴いた高峰に囲まれ，気候に恵まれる。年平均気温約 14℃，年降水量約 100mm。インカ帝国時代にはアンデス山中の首都クスコから太平洋岸に通じる主要路に沿う交通の要衝であった。 1540年スペイン人がこの地域の拠点として再建。穀物の栽培と放牧の盛んな肥沃な農業地帯にあって，首都リマに次ぐペルー第2の都市として繁栄。ペルー南部の商工業中心地で，国内最大の羊毛加工中心地となっているほか，各種工業が立地。市街はしばしば火山活動に伴う地震により大きな被害を受けてきたが，ペルー有数の美しい町で，地元に産する白色の火山岩でできた建物が多い。 1612年建造の大聖堂をはじめ，植民地時代の聖堂もいくつか修復，保存されており，2000年世界遺産の文化遺産に登録。市内には国立サン・アグスティン大学 (1828) ，サンタ・マリア大学 (1961) がある。近くには水浴場，温泉やインカ遺跡があり，観光中心地としてもにぎわう。交通の要地で，太平洋岸の港モイェンドからクスコやチチカカ湖方面へ通じる鉄道が通るほか，太平洋岸を南下するパンアメリカン・ハイウェーが市の近くでそれぞれチリ，ボリビアへ通じる2本の道路に分岐する。人口 62万 1700 (1990推計) 。

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