It is a permanent conference of bishops in the Eastern Orthodox Church, but it specifically refers to the highest governing body of the Russian Orthodox Church. The word originates from the Greek word synodos, meaning "assembly." In the Byzantine Church, the Synod was established around the 10th century as an advisory body to the Patriarch of Constantinople and an executive body for the church administration, but it did not develop into a powerful organization like the Roman Papacy. The Synod established in Russia in the 18th century is translated as the Council of Synods and appears to be an institution within the Orthodox Church, but in reality it was a national institution responsible for managing the Orthodox Church as the state religion. Source: Heibonsha World Encyclopedia, 2nd Edition Information |
キリスト教東方正教会における常設の主教会議のことであるが,特にロシア正教会の最高統治機関を指す。語源はギリシア語シュノドスsynodos(〈集り〉の意)。ビザンティン教会においては,コンスタンティノープル総主教の諮問機関および教会行政執行機関としてのシノドが10世紀ごろには確立したが,これはローマ教皇庁のような強力な組織には発展しなかった。ロシアで18世紀に設けられたシノドは,宗務院と訳され,正教会内部の機関と見えるが,実際には国教としての正教会の管理に当たる国家機関であった。
出典 株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について 情報 |
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