An ion of an organic compound that has a negative charge on the carbon atom. It is the opposite of carbocation, which means an anion of carbon (carbo). The name of a carbanion formed by removing a proton from a carbon atom is derived by adding the suffix -ide to the parent compound. For example, the carbanion formed by removing a proton from the C-1 of butane is 1-butanide. In general, carbanions are reactive intermediates generated by proton removal, and are used in many organic reactions as nucleophiles. Source: Heibonsha World Encyclopedia, 2nd Edition Information |
炭素原子上に負電荷をもつ有機化合物のイオンをいう。カルボカチオンの対照語で炭素carboの陰イオンanionの意。炭素原子から陽子が脱離してできるカルバニオンの名称は,その母体化合物に接尾語‐ide(イド)をつけてつくる。たとえば,ブタンのC‐1からプロトンがとれてできるカルバニオンは1‐ブタニドとなる。一般にカルバニオンは陽子脱離などによって生成する反応性中間体であり,求核試薬として多くの有機反応にあずかる。
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