Designated infectious disease - teidensenbyo

Japanese: 指定伝染病 - していでんせんびょう

In addition to the 11 legal infectious diseases such as cholera and dysentery, which are specified in the Infectious Diseases Prevention Law, these are infectious diseases (infectious diseases) that have been additionally designated under the same law. These include acute poliomyelitis (polio), Lassa fever, and enterohemorrhagic E. coli infections, including O-157. The difference between legal infectious diseases and legal infectious diseases is that a revision of the law is required to designate a new infectious disease as a legal infectious disease, whereas the addition of designated infectious diseases can be done by a notice from the Minister of Health, Labor and Welfare. Other than that, there are no differences in the application of the Infectious Diseases Prevention Law, such as compulsory measures such as isolating patients and the obligation to report when an infection occurs. For O-157, which was designated in August 1996, the scope of application of the Infectious Diseases Prevention Law was determined in advance by ministerial ordinance under the "limited use" system, for the first time, out of consideration for human rights. The current Infectious Diseases Prevention Law has a policy of uniform isolation of patients regardless of the type of infectious disease, but for O-157, isolation is excluded and instead, mandatory stool and medical examinations of patients' families and others, and employment restrictions for carriers working in certain occupations such as food service are included. Based on these experiences, there was a growing movement to merge the Infectious Diseases Prevention Law, which was enacted about 100 years ago (1897), with the AIDS Prevention Law and other laws, and to revise it to suit the current situation, and the Infectious Diseases Prevention Law was promulgated in October 1998.
→ Related Articles Infectious Disease Prevention Law

Source : Heibonsha Encyclopedia About MyPedia Information

Japanese:

伝染病予防法に明記されたコレラ，赤痢など11の法定伝染病とは別に，同法に追加指定された感染症（伝染病）のこと。急性灰白髄炎（ポリオ），ラッサ熱，O-157を含む腸管出血性大腸菌感染症が指定されている。　〈法定伝染病〉との違いは，新たな感染症を法定伝染病に指定するには法の改正が必要であるのに対し，指定伝染病の追加は厚生大臣の告示のみで可能なこと。それ以外の，患者の隔離などの強制措置や感染者が出た場合の届け出の義務など，伝染病予防法の適用面での違いはない。　1996年８月に指定されたO-157には，人権への配慮から，伝染病予防法の適用範囲をあらかじめ省令で定める〈限定使用〉がはじめて実施された。現行の伝染病予防法では，伝染病の種類にかかわらず，患者の一律隔離の方針がとられているが，O-157では隔離などは除外し，患者の家族などに対する強制的な検便や検診，給食業務など特定の職種に従事する保菌者の就業規制などが盛り込まれた。　こうした経験から，今から約100年前（1897年）に制定された伝染病予防法を，エイズ予防法などと統廃合して，現在の状況にあったものに改正しようという動きが広がり，1998年10月感染症予防法が公布された。
→関連項目伝染病予防法

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