Ura Kaisen (Ura Kaisen) - Ura Kaisen

Japanese: 浦廻船(浦回船) - うらかいせん

During the Edo period, shipping developed throughout the country. In contrast to the main routes of shipping such as the "Higaki Kaisen" and "Taru Kaisen" that were engaged in shipping between Edo and Osaka, the "Eastern Kaiun" that ran from the Sea of Japan through the Tsugaru Strait to Edo, and the "West Kaiun" that ran from the Sea of Japan through the Shimonoseki Strait to Osaka, the "Ura Kaisen" played an important role in transporting local products to castle towns and large markets such as Edo and Osaka, and in distributing the goods collected there back to the provinces. Shipping showed new developments with the transportation of rice tax from feudal lords, and as the 18th century saw an increase in the payment of rice tax by village, it stimulated the distribution of goods in the provinces and brought about changes in the structure of villages.

Source: Heibonsha World Encyclopedia, 2nd Edition Information

Japanese:

江戸時代に全国津々浦々に発達した廻船。江戸と大坂との間の海運に従事した〈菱垣廻船〉と〈樽廻船〉，日本海方面から津軽海峡を経て江戸に至る〈東廻海運〉，おなじく日本海方面から下関海峡を経て大坂に至る〈西廻海運〉のように基幹航路に就航した廻船に対して，浦廻船は，地方の産物を城下町や江戸･大坂のような大市場に運ぶとともに，そこに集まった物資を逆に地方に配給していくうえで重要な役割を果たした。幕藩領主の年貢米の輸送を契機として新たな展開を示した海運は，18世紀に入り年貢米の郷払いが多くなるにつれて，地方の商品流通を盛んにし，村の構造にも変化を及ぼした。

出典　株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典第２版について　情報

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