The southernmost island of the Izu Islands in Tokyo. It belongs to Aogashima Village, Hachijo Subprefecture. It is located about 67 km south of Hachijojima, and is elliptical in shape, with a major axis of 3.5 km and a minor axis of 2 km. It is a double active volcanic island. Its area is 5.97 square kilometers. The outer rim is made of basalt, and the central cone is made of andesite. The caldera is 1.5 kilometers in diameter, and the northwest edge of the outer rim is the highest point of the island (423 meters). The eruptions are explosive, and lava also flowed out during the major eruptions from 1783 to 1785 (Tenmei 3 to 5). Most of the houses were burned down, and about 140 people died. The remaining 200 people evacuated to Hachijojima, and finally returned to the island half a century later. There are several fumarolic and geothermal areas. The island is surrounded by sea cliffs 50 to 200 meters high. The island has a hot, rainy subtropical climate and a population of 157 (2009). [Kikuchi Masao and Suwa Akira] [Reference] | |Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
東京都、伊豆諸島の最南端にある島。八丈支庁青ヶ島村に属す。八丈島の南約67キロメートルの海上に位置し、長軸3.5キロメートル、短軸2キロメートル、楕円(だえん)形をなす。二重式の活火山島である。面積5.97平方キロメートル。外輪山は玄武岩、中央火口丘は安山岩からなる。カルデラは直径1.5キロメートルで、外輪山の北西縁が島の最高点(423メートル)。噴火は爆発型で、1783~1785年(天明3~5)の大噴火では溶岩も流出。家屋はほとんど焼失し、死者約140人、生き残りの約200人は八丈島へ避難し、半世紀後にようやく帰島。数か所に噴気、地熱地域がある。島の周囲は高さ50~200メートルの海食崖(がい)で囲まれている。高温多雨の亜熱帯性気候の島である。人口157(2009)。 [菊池万雄・諏訪 彰] [参照項目] | |出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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