Sheldon, Edward Austin

Japanese: シェルドン（英語表記）Sheldon， Edward Austin

Born: 1823. New York, Bury Center
Died 1897. Oswego, New York. American educator. After working in child welfare in Oswego, he served as the superintendent of schools in Syracuse before becoming the superintendent of schools in Oswego in 1853 and working to reform the school system. In 1861, he contributed to the establishment of the Oswego Municipal Normal School, and the following year became its first principal, a position he held for 35 years until his death. The school became a state institution in 1866, and under the guidance of Sheldon, it became the center of the Pestalozzi-based education movement in America. Hideo Takamine, a Japanese student, also studied at the school from 1875 to 1878, receiving guidance from Sheldon, and after returning to Japan, he worked to popularize developmentalist education. His main work, A Manual of Elementary Instruction (1862), was brought to Japan in the 1870s, and this book was used as the basis for the publication of Revised Teaching Techniques (edited by Torasaburo Wakabayashi and Takeshi Shirai, 1883), which was highly valued as a guide for Pestalozzi-based education in Japan.

Sheldon
Sheldon, Gilbert

Born: 1598. Staffordshire
[died] 1677. London. English clergyman. Lecturer at Oxford University in 1622, and dean of the college in 1636. A friend of Clarendon (earl) and Falkland (junior), he supported the Royalists during the Puritan Revolution, and was one of the members of the royal committee at the Uxbridge Conference in 1645, where the King and Parliament discussed how to resolve the situation. As a result, he was dismissed as dean in 1647, and imprisoned the following year in 1648. After the Restoration of the Monarchy in 1660, he became Bishop of London, and Archbishop of Canterbury in 1663. A right-wing High Churchman, he demanded strict enforcement of the Act of Uniformity, but was also tolerant of non-conformists. He worked hard to rebuild St. Paul's Cathedral after the Great Fire of London, and in 1669 donated the Sheldon Theatre, designed by C. Wren, to Oxford University.

Sheldon
Sheldon, Henry Clay

[Born] 1845
[Dead]?
American Methodist theologian. Studied at Boston Theological Seminary and travelled to Leipzig (1874-75). After returning to the United States, he became professor of history (1875-95) and systematic theology (1895-?) at his alma mater. He avoided Calvinism and liberal theology and advocated evangelical Arminianism (→Arminianism). His main works are "History of Christian Doctrine" (2 volumes, 86) and "History of the Christian Church" (5 volumes, 94).

Sheldon
Sheldon, William Herbert

Born November 19, 1898 in Warwick, Rhode Island.
[Died] September 19, 1977. Cambridge, Massachusetts. American psychologist. Director of the Constitution Laboratory at Columbia University. Known for his typological research on somatotypes and temperament. His major works include The Varieties of Temperament (1942) and The Varieties of Deliquent Youth (49).

Sheldon
Sheldon, Edward Brewster

Born: February 4, 1886 in Chicago
Died April 1, 1946 in New York. American playwright. He made his debut with Salvation Nell (1908), a realistic portrayal of social themes, and was highly praised in the pre-O'Neill theatrical world for works such as The Nigger (09), The Boss (11), and Romance (13).

Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information

Japanese:

[生]1823. ニューヨーク，ベリセンター
[没]1897. ニューヨーク，オスウィーゴ
アメリカの教育家。オスウィーゴで児童福祉事業に関係したのちシラキューズの教育長を経て 1853年オスウィーゴの教育長に就任，学校制度の改革に努力。 61年市立師範学校の設立に貢献，翌年初代校長となり，没するまで約 35年間在任。同校は 66年に州立となり，シェルドンの指導のもとでアメリカのペスタロッチ主義教育運動の中心となった。日本の高嶺秀夫も 75～78年同校に留学してシェルドンの指導を受け，帰朝後開発主義教育の普及に努めた。主著『小学校教授便覧』A Manual of Elementary Instruction (1862) は明治 10年代に日本にもたらされ，この書を基にして，日本のペスタロッチ主義教育の指針として重用された『改正教授術』 (若林虎三郎・白井毅編，83) が刊行された。

シェルドン
Sheldon， Gilbert

[生]1598. スタッフォードシャー
[没]1677. ロンドン
イギリスの聖職者。 1622年オックスフォード大学講師，36年同学寮長。クラレンドン (伯)やフォークランド (子)の友人で，清教徒革命では国王派を支持し，45年国王側と議会側が事態収拾を協議したアクスブリッジ会談の国王側委員の一人。そのため，47年学寮長を罷免され，翌 48年投獄された。 60年王政復古によりロンドン主教，63年カンタベリー大主教。国教会右派の高教会派で，礼拝統一法のきびしい施行を要求したが，非国教徒に寛容な面もあった。ロンドン大火後のセントポール聖堂の再建に尽力し，69年オックスフォード大学に C.レンの設計したシェルドン劇場を寄付した。

シェルドン
Sheldon， Henry Clay

[生]1845
[没]?
アメリカのメソジスト派神学者。ボストン神学校に学び，ライプチヒに遊学 (1874～75) 。帰国後母校で歴史学教授 (75～95) ，同組織神学教授 (95～?) 。カルバン主義と自由主義神学を避け，福音主義的アルミニウス主義 (→アルミニウス派 ) を主張。主著"History of Christian Doctrine" (2巻，86) ，"History of the Christian Church" (5巻，94) 。

シェルドン
Sheldon， William Herbert

[生]1898.11.19. ロードアイランド，ウォーウィック
[没]1977.9.19. マサチューセッツ，ケンブリッジ
アメリカの心理学者。コロンビア大学体質研究所所長。体型と気質に関する類型学的研究で著名。主著『気質の種々相』 The Varieties of Temperament (1942) ，『非行少年』 The Varieties of Deliquent Youth (49) など。

シェルドン
Sheldon， Edward Brewster

[生]1886.2.4. シカゴ
[没]1946.4.1. ニューヨーク
アメリカの劇作家。社会的なテーマを写実的に描いた『サルベーション・ネル』 Salvation Nell (1908) でデビューし，『ニガー』 The Nigger (09) ，『ボス』 The Boss (11) ，『ロマンス』 Romance (13) などの作品によって，オニール出現以前の劇壇で高く評価された。

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