Shelley, Percy Bysshe

Japanese: シェリー（英語表記）Shelley， Percy Bysshe

Born: 4 August 1792, near Horsham, Sussex
Died July 8, 1822. Gulf of Spezia, Italy. British poet. Born into a wealthy family, he went to Eton College and then to Oxford University, but was expelled for writing The Necessity of Atheism (1811) under the influence of the radical liberal W. Godwin. He left home and married a 16-year-old girl, Harriet. He supported the Irish independence movement and published Queen Mab (13), a poem that criticized the evils of the social system, and was considered a person of concern by the authorities. He eventually fell in love with Godwin's daughter Mary, eloped to the continent, and continued to live a difficult life. Returning to Italy, he had relationships with L. Hunt, Keats, Lamb, and Hazlitt, and as soon as Harriet committed suicide, he married Mary. In 1818, he went to Italy, never to return. He drowned in a storm while sailing on a yacht. His works include The Revolt of Islam (18), which sings of freedom and love; Prometheus Unbound (20), a dramatic poem about heroic acts of rebellion against authority and the struggle for liberation; Adonaïs (21), which mourns the death of Keats; and Ode to the West Wind, which may be considered the pinnacle of lyric poetry. His poetic treatise A Defence of Poetry (published in 1940) praises the imagination and argues that the poet is the "legislator of the world." Although he was pure, passionate, and lacking in interpersonal skills, he is recognized as one of the most representative poets of British Romanticism.

Shelley
Shelley, Mary Wollstonecraft

Born: August 30, 1797, London
[Died] February 1, 1851, London. British female writer. Daughter of social thinker W. Godwin and feminist M. Wollstonecraft. Second wife of poet PB Shelley. Edited her husband's collection of poems, as well as the horror novels Frankenstein; or, The Modern Prometheus (1818).

Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information

Japanese:

[生]1792.8.4. サセックス，ホーシャム近郊
[没]1822.7.8. イタリア，スペチア湾
イギリスの詩人。裕福な家に生れ，イートン校を経てオックスフォード大学に進んだが，急進的自由主義者 W.ゴドウィンの思想に影響されて『無神論の必然性』 The Necessity of Atheism (1811) を書いたため退学処分を受け，家を出て 16歳の少女ハリエットと結婚，アイルランド独立運動を支援したり，社会制度の害悪を訴える詩『マブ女王』 Queen Mab (13) を出版するなど，当局から注意人物とみなされた。やがてゴドウィンの娘メアリーを愛するようになり，大陸に駆落ちし，苦難の生活を続けた。いったん帰国して L.ハント，キーツ，ラム，ハズリットらと交際し，ハリエットが自殺するやただちにメアリーと結婚，1818年イタリアにおもむき，再び帰国することはなかった。ヨットで航行中嵐にあい，溺死。作品には，自由と愛を歌った『イスラムの反乱』 The Revolt of Islam (18) ，権力に反抗して解放のためにたたかう英雄的行為を主題にした劇詩『プロメテウスの解縛』 Prometheus Unbound (20) をはじめ，キーツの死をいたむ『アドネイス』 Adonaïs (21) ，抒情詩の極致ともいうべき『西風の賦』 Ode to the West Windなどがある。また詩論『詩の弁護』A Defence of Poetry (40刊) は想像力を賛美し，詩人が「世界の立法者」であることを論じたもの。純粋で激しやすく，対人関係に欠けるところがあったが，イギリス・ロマン主義を代表する詩人の一人と認められる。

シェリー
Shelley， Mary Wollstonecraft

[生]1797.8.30. ロンドン
[没]1851.2.1. ロンドン
イギリスの女流作家。社会思想家 W.ゴドウィンと女権拡張論者 M.ウルストンクラフトの娘。詩人 P.B.シェリーの後妻。恐怖小説『フランケンシュタイン』 Frankenstein; or，The Modern Prometheus (1818) のほか，夫の詩集を編纂。

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