The 18th century physiocratic philosopher Francis Quesnay considered the agricultural society of his time to be composed of three classes: the productive class (peasants), the landlords and ruling class, and the non-productive class (merchants and industrialists), and wrote the Table of Economics, which elucidates the social circulation of products and income by analyzing the transactions between them. This idea of comprehensively viewing the activity of the entire economic system as the interrelationships between classes was later passed on to K. Marx's reproduction diagram, L. Walras' general equilibrium theory, and WW Leontief's input-output analysis (see the entry on input-output tables). Source: Heibonsha World Encyclopedia, 2nd Edition Information |
18世紀の重農主義者F.ケネーは,農業を中心とする当時の社会が生産階級(農民),地主・支配階級,不生産階級(商工業者)の3階級によって構成されるとみなし,それらの間の取引を分析することによって生産物および所得の社会的循環を解明する《経済表》を著した。全経済体系の活動を諸階級間の相互連関として包括的にとらえるというこの発想は,その後K.マルクスの再生産表式,L.ワルラスの一般均衡理論,W.W.レオンチエフの産業連関分析(〈産業連関表〉の項参照)へと受けつがれていった。
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