A sweet wine (sweet fruit wine) made in the Douro River basin in northern Portugal. The name Port comes from the fact that it is stored and shipped in the port of Porto. The method of making Port is said to have been inspired by the fact that in the second half of the 17th century, wine exported to England was given a small amount of brandy added to the wine to prevent the quality of the wine from being spoiled during the voyage, and a unique method of adding brandy during fermentation was developed. The grapes used to make Port are Tinta Francisca (red) and Malvasia (white). These are grown under the intense sun and dry climate and left on the vine until they are fully ripe, with the sugar content reaching about 30%. They are crushed and fermented with the skins, and when the sugar content is reduced to about half, brandy is added to stop the fermentation, and the liquid is squeezed and collected. This liquid is ruby in color due to the pigments leaching from the skins during fermentation, and has an alcohol content of 19-20% and a sugar content of 10-15%. There are various types of port, including the popular Ruby Port, which has a beautiful ruby color and is aged for 4-5 years, Tawny Port, which is Ruby Port aged further until it turns yellow-brown, Vintage Port, which is made by selecting the best quality from wines harvested in the same year and aging them in storage, Old Crusted Port, which is made by bottling early from a relatively good year and aging it, and Late Bottled Vintage Port, which is a high-class product made by aging Vintage Port for an additional 10-15 years. All of them are sweet and are drunk as dessert wines. [Hara Masamichi] [Reference] | |Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
ポルトガル北部のドーロ川流域でつくられる甘味の強いワイン(甘味果実酒)。ポートの名称は、ポルトporto港で貯蔵、船積みされることからきている。なおポートの製法は、17世紀の後半、イギリスに向けて輸出されたワインが、航海中に酒質を損なわないためにワインに少量のブランデーを加えていたことがヒントで、発酵中にブランデーを加える独自な方法が生み出されたと伝えられる。 ポート製造に使われるブドウは、赤のティンタ・フランシスカ、白のマルバジアなどで、強烈な太陽と乾燥した気候の下で育ったブドウを完熟するまで木において、糖分を30%ぐらいにする。これをつぶして果皮とともに発酵させ、糖分が半分ぐらいに減ったところでブランデーを添加して発酵を止め、絞って上澄み液を集める。この液は発酵中果皮から色素が溶出して色はルビー色、アルコール分は19~20%、糖分は10~15%である。 ポートの種類には、美しいルビー色で、4~5年熟成させた普及品のルビーポート、ルビーポートをさらに黄茶色まで熟成させたタウニーポート、同じ年に収穫したものだけを貯蔵熟成させたなかで、品質のよいものを選んだビンテージポート、わりあいよくできた年のものを早く瓶詰めして熟成させたオールド・クラステッド・ポート、ビンテージポートをさらに10~15年間熟成させた高級もののレイト・ボトルド・ビンテージポートがある。いずれも甘口で、デザートワインとして飲まれる。 [原 昌道] [参照項目] | |出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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