Three-Self Patriotic Movement (English: Three-Self Patriotic Movement)

Japanese: 三自愛国運動 - さんじあいこくうんどう（英語表記）Sān zì ài guó yùn dòng

A movement for the independence of Christianity in China. It is also called the Three-Self Movement, and in the early days of liberation, it was also called the Three-Self Reform Movement. The Three-Self refers to self-governance, self-support, and autobiography, and means to cut off ties with foreign countries, to be self-governing, to be economically self-supporting, and to evangelize ideologically by oneself. Modern Chinese Christianity is mainly criticized for playing the vanguard of invasion, but the Three-Self policy was advocated long ago, and in the 1920s, the movement became quite active, partly to counter the popular anti-Christian movement. In 1950, after liberation, Wu Yaozong and others called for the establishment of anti-imperialist, patriotic Chinese churches themselves, and the Three-Self Movement took on a new face.

Source: Heibonsha World Encyclopedia, 2nd Edition Information

Japanese:

中国のキリスト教の自立化運動。三自運動とも簡称し，解放初期には三自革新運動ともいった。三自とは自治，自養，自伝をさし，外国との関係を絶って自治し，経済的に自養して思想的にも自力伝道する意。中国近代のキリスト教は主として侵略の先兵役を果たしたことで非難されるが，つとに三自方針が唱えられ，1920年代には大衆的反キリスト教運動に対抗するためもあって，その動きはかなり活発化した。解放後の1950年，呉耀宗（ごようそう）らが反帝愛国の中国人自身の教会設立をよびかけ，三自運動は面目を一新した。

出典　株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典第２版について　情報

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