A dye that develops color as it is generated through oxidation on the material being dyed, such as fibers. Aromatic amine derivatives are colorless, but when oxidized with an appropriate oxidizing agent, they become water-insoluble dyes and develop color. Aniline black is a typical example, and depending on the type of aromatic amine, colors such as black, brown, dark blue, purple, and yellow can be obtained. It was used for cotton and rayon as an inexpensive method for dyeing a black color with relatively good fastness, but it is gradually falling out of use due to the difficulty in obtaining a stable color tone, the complicated dyeing process, and the toxicity of aromatic amines. Oxidation dyes are also used for hair dyeing, which is used to dye human hair and animal hair fibers. In Japan, they have long been known as "shiraga dye," but they can also be used to dye hair blonde or brunette. Caution is required, as aromatic amines (mainly paraphenylenediamine) can cause eczema and dermatitis in some people. [Tobita Mitsuhiko] [Reference] | | |Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
繊維など染色されるものの上で酸化により生成と同時に発色する染料。芳香族アミン誘導体は無色であるが、適当な酸化剤で酸化すれば水不溶性の染料となって発色する。アニリンブラックはその代表例であって、芳香族アミンの種類により、黒色、褐色、暗青色、紫色、黄色などの色調のものが得られる。安価で、比較的に堅牢(けんろう)性のよい黒色の染色法として、木綿、レーヨンに使用されていたが、色調が安定して得にくいことや、染色が複雑であること、芳香族アミン類の毒性などにより、しだいに利用されなくなってきている。 人毛や獣毛繊維の染色に用いられるヘア染色にも酸化染料が用いられる。日本ではいわゆる白髪(しらが)染めとして古くから知られているが、ブロンド、ブルネットに染色も可能である。人によっては芳香族アミン(主としてパラフェニレンジアミン)により湿疹(しっしん)や皮膚炎をおこすことがあるので注意が必要である。 [飛田満彦] [参照項目] | | |出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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