Neo-Babylonia

Japanese: 新バビロニア - しんバビロニア(英語表記)Neo-Babylonia
Neo-Babylonia
The Chaldeans (Babylonians) destroyed the Assyrian Empire and rebuilt it (625-539 BC). After the death of the Assyrian king Ashurbanipal, Nabopolassar (reigned 626-605 BC) took control of Babylonia and, in alliance with the Median Empire, captured Nineveh (612 BC). Nebuchadnezzar II (reigned 605-562 BC) defeated the Egyptian king Necho II at the Battle of Carchemish and ruled the territory that stretched through Syria and Palestine to the Egyptian border. He also destroyed Jerusalem in 586 BC and took the Jewish people into Babylonian captivity. During this period, Chaldean culture, including astrology and astronomy, flourished, centering around Babylon. However, during the reign of King Nabonidus (reigned 556-539 BC), the Persian army led by the Achaemenid king Cyrus II entered Babylon without a battle (539 BC), and the Neo-Babylonian Empire was destroyed.

Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information

Japanese:
カルデア人 (バビロニア人) がアッシリア帝国を滅ぼして再建した帝国 (前 625~539) 。アッシリア王アッシュールバニパルの死後,ナボポラッサル (在位前 626~605) がバビロニアを掌握し,メディア王国と結んでニネベを陥落させた (前 612) 。続いてネブカドネザル2世 (在位前 605~562) はカルケミシュの戦いでエジプト王ネコ2世を破り,シリア,パレスチナを通ってエジプト国境にいたる領域を支配した。また前 586年にはエルサレムを破壊,ユダヤ民族のバビロニア捕囚を行なった。この時代に占星術,天文学をはじめとするカルデア文化がバビロンを中心として開花した。しかしナボニドス王 (在位前 556~539) のとき,アケメネス朝ペルシアの王キュロス2世の率いるペルシア軍は戦わずしてバビロンに入城 (前 539) ,新バビロニア帝国は滅亡した。

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