Thalassemia

Japanese: サラセミア（英語表記）thalassemia

Hemolytic anemia caused by a genetic defect and based on abnormalities in hemoglobin. It is also called thalassemia because it is common in the Mediterranean coastal regions, but it is also seen in Africa and Southeast Asian regions such as Thailand and Malaysia. It is a dominant genetic disease in which red blood cells are malformed and many target red blood cells appear. Genetically pure homozygous patients die within one year of birth, but genetically hybrid heterozygous patients are weak in adapting to normal environments but conversely have strong resistance to malaria. It is said that this gene frequency is high in areas where malaria is prevalent. (→ Hemochromatosis)

Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information

Japanese:

遺伝的欠陥によって生じる，ヘモグロビン異常に基づく溶血性貧血。地中海沿岸地方に多いため地中海貧血ともいうが，アフリカや，タイ，マレーなどの東南アジア諸地域にもみられる。優性の遺伝病で赤血球は奇形を呈し，標的赤血球が多数現れる。遺伝的に純粋なホモ接合体の患者は生後1年以内に死亡するが，遺伝的に雑種性のヘテロ接合体の患者は通常の環境では適応力が弱いが，マラリアに対する抵抗力は逆に強い。マラリアの多発地域にこの遺伝子頻度が多いのはこのためといわれている。 (→異常血色素症 )

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