Iban people - Iban (English spelling)

Japanese: イバン族 - イバンぞく（英語表記）Iban

One of the Dayak tribes, they are the largest ethnic group in Sarawak, Malaysia, in northwestern Borneo. They are also called the Sea Dayak. Tens of thousands of them also live in western Kalimantan, Indonesia. They speak a Malay dialect of the Austronesian language family. They live in longhouses and cultivate upland rice in the inland highlands. The longhouses are autonomous communities, there are no hereditary chiefs or class systems, and their society, based on bilateral kinship, is egalitarian. In the 19th century, they expanded their territory from southern to northeastern Sarawak, and headhunting wars were common, but headhunting came to an end in the 1920s when the government pacified them. They perform agricultural rituals based on rice spirit beliefs, and have a strong animistic ideology, including shamanism and a developed view of the afterlife.

Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information

Japanese:

ダヤク諸族の一つで，ボルネオ島北西部マレーシアのサラワク州で最大の民族。海ダヤク族ともいう。インドネシア領カリマンタン西部にも数万人が居住する。オーストロネシア語族のマレー方言を話す。ロングハウスに住み，内陸の高地で陸稲耕作を行なう。ロングハウスが自律的共同体で，世襲の首長や身分制は存在せず，双系親族を基盤とする社会は平等主義的である。19世紀にサラワク南部から北東部にかけて大規模な領域拡張を行ない，首狩り戦が盛んであったが，1920年代に政府によって平定され首狩りは終焉した。稲魂信仰に基づく農耕儀礼を行ない，シャーマニズム，他界観の発達などアニミズムが強い。

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