Rudjer Josif Bošković

Japanese: ボスコビチ（英語表記）Rudjer Josif Bošković

1711‐87
Italian mathematician and natural philosopher. Born in Dubrovnik, Croatia. Studied at a Jesuit school and became a priest, a professor of mathematics at the Jesuit College in Rome, and at the University of Pavia. He was instrumental in the founding of the Milan Observatory. He later worked on optics in France. He was a member of the Royal Society. On the practical side, he contributed to astronomy, optics, and geodesy, but he is better known as a critic of Newton. His main work, Theory of Natural Philosophy (1758), is a kind of monism of forces, and attempts to explain the various physical and chemical properties of matter in terms of only gravitation and repulsion.

Source: Heibonsha World Encyclopedia, 2nd Edition Information

Japanese:

1711‐87
イタリアの数学者，自然哲学者。クロアチア，ドゥブロブニクの生れ。イエズス会の学校で学んで司祭となり，ローマのイエズス会学院の数学教授，さらにパビア大学の数学教授となり，ミラノの天文台の創設に尽力した。のちフランスで光学に取り組む。ローヤル･ソサエティ会員。実際的な側面では，天文学，光学，測地学などに業績があるが，むしろニュートンに対する批判者として知られる。主著《自然哲学の理論》(1758)は，一種の力一元論であり，物質のさまざまな物理･化学的性質を，引力と斥力のみによって説明しようとした。

出典　株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典第２版について　情報

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