Alkmaion (English spelling)

Japanese: アルクマイオン（英語表記）Alkmaiōn

Hero of Greek mythology. Son of Amphiaraus and Eriphyle. As commander-in-chief of the Epigoni army, he conquered Thebes, but after returning from the campaign, he killed his mother with his own hand, as his father had wished. This was because Eriphyle had been bribed by Polyneices and Thersander with the necklace and garment of Harmonia, and had forced Amphiaraus and then himself to join the Theban campaign, which led to Amphiaraus' death. For the crime of killing his mother, Alcmaeon was pursued by the Erinyes, the goddesses of vengeance, and wandered from country to country. Finally, he was cleansed of his sins by the river god Achelous, and married her daughter Callirhoe. However, at her request, he went to retrieve the treasure of Harmonia that he had given to his former wife, Arsinoe, but was killed by Arsinoe's father and brothers.

Alcmaeon
Alkmaion

A Greek thinker and physician from around the 5th century BCE. Born in Croton, southern Italy. A student of Pythagoras. He is known for applying Pythagorean ideas to human physiology and attempting to explain health and disease, for placing the sensory center in the cerebrum instead of the ancient theory that it was centered in the heart, for being the first to perform surgery and dissection on the eye, and for distinguishing between thought and sensation. A fragment of his book On Nature remains.

Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information

Japanese:

ギリシア神話の英雄。アンフィアラオスとエリフュレの子。エピゴノイ軍勢の総大将としてテーベを攻略したが，この遠征から帰国すると，父の遺言どおり母を自分の手にかけて殺した。それは，母エリフュレがポリュネイケスとテルサンドロスの父子からそれぞれ，ハルモニアの首飾りと衣とを贈られて買収され，まず夫アンフィアラオスを，次に彼自身をテーベ遠征に参加するよう強制し，これがアンフィアラオスの死の原因となったからである。アルクマイオンはこの母殺しの罪のため，復讐の女神エリニュスたちに追われて諸国をさまよい，最後にようやくアケロオス川の河神に罪を清めてもらい，その娘カリロエと結婚したが，彼女に頼まれ，前の妻アルシノエに与えたハルモニアの宝を取戻しに行って，アルシノエの父と兄弟たちに殺されたという。

アルクマイオン
Alkmaiōn

前5世紀頃のギリシアの思想家，医者。南イタリアのクロトン生れ。ピタゴラスの弟子。ピタゴラス派の思想を人体生理に適用し，健康と病気の説明を試みたことや，古来の心臓中枢説に対して知覚中枢を大脳においたこと，初めて眼の手術や解剖を行なったこと，思惟と感覚を区別したことなどで知られる。その著『自然について』の断片が残っている。

出典　ブリタニカ国際大百科事典小項目事典ブリタニカ国際大百科事典小項目事典について　情報

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