Taifang County

A Chinese district in ancient Korea. Lelang District fell into rapid decline after civil wars at the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty, and in the early 3rd century, the Gongsun clan government in Liaodong finally took control of Lelang District, dividing the area south of Tunyou County and establishing a district. This became Daifang District, and its purpose is thought to have been to deal with the neighboring Han and Wi peoples to the south. It was later taken over by the Wei and Jin dynasties along with Lelang District, but in 313 Lelang District was destroyed by Goguryeo, and Daifang District was then destroyed by the Han and Wi peoples. The location and borders of the district are unclear, but it is believed that the borders were in the area from present-day Hwanghae Province to the northern part of Gyeonggi Province. Additionally, a fired brick bearing the inscription "Prefect of Daifang, Zhang Fuyi" was excavated from Seokseong-ri, Munjeong-myeon, Bongsan-gun, Hwanghae-do, and some say that this is the site of the county's capital. During the Han dynasty, the tribes of Han, Wi, and Wa paid tribute to Lelang Commandery, and after the establishment of Daifang Commandery, they paid tribute here. It is well known that in 239, in return for the tribute of Wa queen Himiko, Wei gave a gold seal to the Prefect of Daifang. Along with Lelang Commandery, it played a major role in the development of East Asian countries.

[Lee Sung-si]

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

古代朝鮮に置かれた中国の郡。後漢(ごかん)末の内乱を契機に楽浪(らくろう)郡は急激に衰え、3世紀初頭、遼東(りょうとう)の公孫(こうそん)氏政権はついに楽浪郡を支配し、屯有県以南を分ち郡を設置した。これが帯方郡であり、その目的は、南に隣接する韓族、濊(わい)族への対処であったと考えられる。楽浪郡とともにその後、魏(ぎ)、晋(しん)に引き継がれたが、313年に楽浪郡は高句麗(こうくり)に滅ぼされ、ついで帯方郡も韓族、濊族によって滅ぼされた。郡治の位置や境域は明確でなく、現在の黄海道から京畿(けいき)道の北部地方がその境域と推定される。また黄海道鳳山(ほうざん)郡文井面(ぶんせいめん)石城里からは「帯方太守張撫夷(ちょうぶい)」の銘をもつ塼(せん)（焼成れんが）が出土しており、ここを郡治址(し)とみなす説もある。漢代には楽浪郡に朝貢していた韓、濊、倭(わ)の諸種族は、帯方郡設置後はここに朝貢した。239年、倭の女王卑弥呼(ひみこ)の入貢に対し、魏は帯方太守に付して金印を与えたことは有名である。楽浪郡とともに東アジア諸国に果たした役割は大きい。

［李　成　市］

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