Sasouto

A Chinese politician in the late Qing Dynasty. His pen name was Ji Gao and his posthumous name was Wen Xiang. He was a provincial governor of Xiangyin County, Hunan Province, and distinguished himself by organizing training drills against the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom army. Later, he was recommended by Zeng Guofan to become governor of Zhejiang, and then governor of Fujian and Zhejiang, where he led the Chu army and restored Fujian and Zhejiang. From this experience, he realized the importance of modern military equipment, and built a shipyard (Mawei Shipbuilding Politics) in Fuzhou, becoming a pioneer of the Westernization Movement. He then became governor of Shaan-Gan, where he suppressed the Nian Army and the Muslim (Hui) army, and was promoted to the rank of a cooperative scholar. He also founded a mechanized woolen textile factory in Lanzhou. As Imperial Commissioner in 1875, he put down the rebellion of Yaqub Beg, an Islamic ruler of East Turkistan, and in 1877 he submitted a petition to the throne to establish Xinjiang Province, which was approved. He contributed to the development and security of Xinjiang by promoting the digging of waterways, the streamlining of taxes, and the construction of forts. He advocated armed confrontation against Russia, which was occupying the Ili region at the time, but was rejected and he was recalled to Beijing. In 1881, he was appointed Minister of Military Affairs, Governor-General of Liangjiang and Minister of Commerce, but the Fujian navy that he had built was destroyed during the Sino-French War, and he died of illness in Fuzhou in despair. His works include the Complete Works of Zuowen Xianggong.

[Shinji Kojima]

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

中国、清(しん)末の政治家。字(あざな)は季高、諡(おくりな)は文襄(ぶんじょう)。湖南省湘陰(しょういん)県の挙人で、太平天国軍に対して団練(だんれん)を組織して功をあげ、のち曽国藩(そうこくはん)の推挙によって浙江巡撫(せっこうじゅんぶ)、ついで閩浙(びんせつ)総督となり、楚(そ)軍を率いて福建、浙江を回復した。この経験から近代的な軍備の重要性を認識し、福州に造船所（馬尾船政局）を建設して洋務運動の先駆となった。ついで陝甘(せんかん)総督として捻軍(ねんぐん)ならびにイスラム教徒（回民）軍を鎮圧して協弁大学士に昇り、また蘭州(らんしゅう)に機械制毛織物工場などを創立した。1875年欽差(きんさ)大臣として東トルキスタンのイスラム支配者ヤクブ・ベクの反乱を平定し、77年新疆(しんきょう)省の設置を上奏して承認され、水路の掘削、租税整理、城堡(じょうほ)の建設などを進めて、新疆の開発と確保に貢献。当時イリ地方を占領していたロシアに対して、彼は武力対決を主張したがいれられず、北京(ペキン)に召還された。81年軍機大臣として両江総督兼通商事務大臣に任ぜられたが、清仏戦争に際し、彼が建設した福建の海軍は壊滅し、失意のうちに福州で病死した。著書に『左文襄公全集』がある。

［小島晋治］

出典　小学館　日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について　情報 | 凡例