Confusion - Sakuran

Japanese: 錯乱 - さくらん
Confusion - Sakuran

A type of consciousness disorder, more correctly called mental confusion. It is a type of altered consciousness characterized by a lack of proper mental integration of conscious contents, even though the individual is awake and not otherwise confused. Notable symptoms include thought disorder reflected in incoherent linguistic expression, cognitive impairment or misperception of the outside world and the situation, disorientation in which the individual is unable to tell the date or where he or she is and is unable to distinguish between familiar people, difficulty recalling past experiences or memory errors, but it does not necessarily involve hallucinations or psychomotor agitation. When the individual is particularly confused and wondering "Who am I? What has happened to me?", this is called amentia, and it often appears in acute brain diseases (such as brain trauma) as well as various acute mental illnesses.

[Yoshihiko Hamanaka]

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

意識障害の一型で、正しくは精神錯乱とよばれる。いちおう覚醒(かくせい)していて意識混濁はみられないか、あっても軽度であるにもかかわらず、意識内容の精神的統合がうまく行われないことを基本的特徴とする一種の意識変容である。支離滅裂な言語表出に反映される思考障害、外界と情況の認知障害ないし誤認、日付や自分のいる場所がわからず身近な人の区別ができない失見当、過去の体験の想起困難ないし記憶錯誤などが目だった症状であるが、幻覚や精神運動性興奮はかならずしも伴わない。なお「私はだれなのか、どうなったんだろう」と不審がる困惑状態がとくに目だつ場合はアメンチアとよばれ、急性脳疾患(脳外傷など)のほか、さまざまの急性精神病でしばしば出現する。

[濱中淑彦]

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