This reaction was discovered in 1881 by the German chemist A.W. von Hoffmann. It is a reaction in which quaternary ammonium salts are thermally decomposed to produce amines and olefins. It is useful as a ring-opening reaction of cyclic amines or as a method for synthesizing olefins. As shown in formula (1), when an amine is treated with methyl iodide (CH 3 I) and then hydroxided with silver hydroxide (AgOH), and this is heated, an elimination reaction (called the Hoffmann elimination) occurs to produce an olefin. By repeating the same process, an olefin and an amine are finally obtained. Source: Heibonsha World Encyclopedia, 2nd Edition Information |
1881年ドイツの化学者A.W.vonホフマンにより見いだされた反応。第四級アンモニウム塩を熱分解させ,アミンとオレフィンを生成する反応。環式アミンの開環反応として,あるいはオレフィンの合成法として有用である。式(1)に示すように,アミンをヨウ化メチルCH3Iで処理した後,水酸化銀AgOHで水酸化物とし,これを加熱すると脱離反応(これをホフマン脱離という)が起こり,オレフィンが生成する。同様の過程を繰り返して最終的にオレフィンとアミンが得られる。
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