Amherst

Japanese: アマースト(英語表記)Amherst
Amherst
A town in central Massachusetts, USA. It is located about 120 km west of Boston, in the middle of the Connecticut River Valley. The town was founded around 1730. Originally an agricultural region, industry arose in the 18th century, with brick, textile, hat, and paper manufacturing. In the 19th century, agriculture became the main industry again, and dairy farms, orchards, chicken farms, and tobacco fields increased. It is known as a university town, with the University of Massachusetts founded in 1863 and Amherst College founded in 1821. Amherst College is a prestigious liberal arts school with seven departments, and one of its founders was the dictionary compiler N. Webster. It also has strong ties with Japan, with Niijima Jo (1870) and Uchimura Kanzo (1887) among its graduates. Population 35,228 (1990).

Amherst
Amherst, William Pitt, Earl Amherst of Arakan

Born 29 January 1773 in Bath, Somerset.
[Died] March 13, 1857. Kent, Nord. British politician and diplomat. Chinese name: Amishitoku. In 1816, he was dispatched to the Qing dynasty as the second special envoy to improve diplomatic relations between Britain and China, but was ordered to leave after refusing to kneel three times and kneel nine times during an audience with the emperor, and was unable to accomplish his mission. He returned to China in 1817, and later, as the Governor-General of India (1823-28), he initiated the annexation of Burma. In 1826, he was created an earl.

Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information

Japanese:
アメリカ合衆国,マサチューセッツ州中央部の町。ボストンの西方約 120kmにあり,コネティカット河谷の中流に位置する。町の起源は 1730年頃。もとは農業地域であったが,18世紀に入って工業が起り,煉瓦,繊維,帽子,紙などの製造が行われた。 19世紀に入ると農業が再び主産業になり,酪農場,果樹園,養鶏場,タバコ畑が増加した。学園都市として知られ,1863年創立のマサチューセッツ大学のほか,21年創立のアマースト大学がある。アマースト大学は自由七科の名門校で,創立者の一人に辞典編纂者の N.ウェブスターがいる。日本との結びつきも深く,新島襄 (1870) ,内村鑑三 (87) らが卒業している。人口3万 5228 (1990) 。

アマースト
Amherst, William Pitt, Earl Amherst of Arakan

[生]1773.1.29. サマセット,バス
[没]1857.3.13. ケント,ノール
イギリスの政治家,外交官。中国名,阿美士徳。 1816年イギリスと中国の国交改善のための第2回の特派使節として清朝宮廷へ派遣されたが,謁見の際三跪九叩の礼を拒否したため退去を命じられ,使命を果せなかった。 17年帰国し,のちインド総督 (1823~28) として,ビルマ併合の端緒をつくった。 26年伯爵を授かる。

出典 ブリタニカ国際大百科事典 小項目事典ブリタニカ国際大百科事典 小項目事典について 情報

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