For a large number of cells to gather together and form tissues or individuals, it is necessary that the cells do not separate from each other. Cell surface structures and electrical bonds seem to be involved in cell adhesion, but recently, adhesive substances that appear as cells differentiate have attracted attention. Cadherin, a glycoprotein found on the cell surface of vertebrate tissues, has been in the spotlight as a substance that controls cell adhesion in the presence of calcium. The existence of such substances is predicted from experiments in which, for example, when two types of sponge tissue are broken down into cells using enzymes and then mixed together, only cells of the same type gather together. Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information |
細胞が多数集って組織や個体を形づくるためには,細胞同士が分離してしまわないことが必要である。細胞の接着には,細胞表面の構造や電気的な結合も関係しているようであるが,最近は,細胞の分化に伴って出現する接着物質が注目されている。脊椎 (せきつい) 動物の組織の細胞表面にある糖蛋白質,カドヘリンは,カルシウム存在下で細胞の接着性を制御する物質として脚光を浴びている。このような物質の存在は,たとえば2種類のカイメンの組織を酵素で細胞単位までバラバラにした後,混ぜ合わせると,同じ種類の細胞だけが集合するといった実験からも予想される。
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