A thin rubber bag used for contraception and sexually transmitted disease prevention, worn over the penis during sexual intercourse. There are excellent products in Japan and are also exported. They are as thin as 0.02 mm, and come in a wide variety of types, including those that are thinner at the base than the tip, those with a thicker tip to prevent premature ejaculation, those with a rough ring-shaped part to prevent slipping, and those with coloring or jelly (not for contraception). When using a condom, it is important to always put it on before insertion, to remove the air from the semen reservoir at the tip, not to damage it with your fingernails, and to remove it quickly after ejaculation, holding the base so that semen does not leak into the vagina. In addition to contraception, condoms are also useful for preventing sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) such as AIDS, chlamydia urethritis, trichomoniasis vaginitis, and candidiasis vaginitis. Condoms are said to have been used from the 16th to 17th centuries to prevent syphilis. They were made from linen or fish skins, which were made from the appendix and bladder of animals, or from fish swim bladders. Latex rubber appeared in the 19th century and were called skins or sacks. The name is said to come from Conton, a physician to the British royal family in the mid-17th century, or from the Latin word Condus, which means container. They were brought to Japan at the beginning of the Meiji period, and domestically produced rubber condoms went on sale around 1909 (Meiji 42). They were mainly popularized through the military, and were treated as munitions for the purpose of preventing sexually transmitted diseases. Two so-called "sanitary matches" in a matchbox-like case were handed out every time people went on vacation. They were mainly called "Totsugeki Ichiban" in the army and "Tetsu Kabuto" in the navy. [Masafumi Shirai] [Reference] |Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
避妊や性病予防の目的で用いられる薄いゴム製の袋で、性交時陰茎にかぶせて使用する。わが国には優れた製品が出回っており、輸出もされている。厚さは0.02ミリメートルと薄くなっていて、先端より根元を細くしたり、早漏防止用に先端を厚くしたものや、滑り止めにざらついた輪状部分をつくったもの、着色やゼリー(避妊用ではない)付きのものなど、多種多様のものがある。使用時にはかならず挿入前につけること、先端の精液だめの空気を抜くこと、爪(つめ)などで傷つけないこと、また射精後も抜去するタイミングがたいせつで、精液が腟(ちつ)内に漏出しないように根元を抑えて速やかに抜去する。コンドームは避妊のほかにも、エイズやクラミジア尿道炎、トリコモナス腟炎やカンジダ腟炎などの性行為によって感染する性感染症(STD)の予防にも役だっている。 なお、コンドームは16~17世紀ごろから使われた記録があるといわれ、梅毒予防の目的だった。リネン製のものやフィッシュスキンとよばれる動物の盲腸や膀胱(ぼうこう)、魚のうきぶくろを利用したもので、ラテックスゴム製のものは19世紀になって現れ、スキンとかサックとよばれた。名称の由来は、17世紀なかばごろイギリス王室の侍医コントンContonによるとも、ラテン語のCondus(容器の意)によるともいわれている。日本へは明治の初めに持ち込まれ、国産のゴムコンドームは1909年(明治42)ごろから発売された。おもに軍隊を通じて普及し、性病予防の目的で軍需品扱いを受け、マッチ箱様のケースに2個入った通称「衛生マッチ」が休暇外出のたびに手渡された。おもに陸軍では「突撃一番」、海軍では「鉄かぶと」とよばれた。 [白井將文] [参照項目] |出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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