Arawak - Arawak (English spelling)

Japanese: アラワク - あらわく(英語表記)Arawak
Arawak - Arawak (English spelling)

Indigenous people of South America and the Caribbean. In the broad sense, it is a general term for many groups who speak languages ​​belonging to the Arawak language family, but in the narrow sense, it refers to the Locono who live on the Caribbean coast of South America. The Arawaks were the first to come into contact with white people in the Greater Antilles, but were almost completely driven out of the Caribbean by their enemies, the Caribbean natives and the Spanish. The Arawaks today are scattered over a wide area around the Amazon Basin. They live in a variety of places, including the coast (Guajiro), the tropical rainforests upstream of rivers (Campa, etc.), and grasslands (Mojo, etc.), and many of them are in remote areas where the power of the state does not reach. They have settled down and make slash-and-burn agriculture their main occupation, but hunting and fishing are also important. Except for the Arawaks in the Caribbean, there is no political organization larger than the village, and the power of the chiefs of each village is not very strong. It is said that the Arawaks of Guiana practiced cannibalism, but this is not a common characteristic of the Arawaks as a whole. Shamans who treat illnesses are important in religion.

[Hideo Kimura]

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

南アメリカおよびカリブ海地域の先住民集団。広義にはアラワク語族に属する言語を話す数多くの集団の総称であるが、狭義には南アメリカ大陸カリブ海岸に住むロコノLoconoをさす。大アンティル諸島で最初に白人と接触したのはアラワクであったが、敵対していたカリブ系先住民およびスペイン人によってカリブ海地域からはほとんど駆逐されてしまった。現在のアラワクはアマゾン盆地周辺の広い地域に散在している。居住地は海岸(グアヒロGuajiro)、川の上流の熱帯雨林(カンパCampaなど)、草原(モホMojoなど)とさまざまであり、国家の力が及びにくい辺境の地が多い。定着して焼畑農耕を主たる生業としているが、狩猟、漁労も重要である。カリブ海のアラワクを除いては、村を超える大きな単位の政治組織はなく、各村の首長の権力もあまり強くない。ギアナのアラワクは食人を行ったといわれるが、アラワク全体に共通する特徴ではない。宗教においては、病気の治療を行うシャーマンが重要である。

[木村秀雄]

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