sykophantēs (English spelling) sykophantes

...Jurors swore to make decisions according to the law and evidence, and decisions were made by secret vote and majority vote of the jurors. The recognition of the right of public prosecution and contingency fees led to the emergence of professional litigants, or sykophantēs, while the lack of a legal system led to the emergence of courtroom lawyers such as Isaias and Demosthenes. [Ota Hidemichi]
[Ancient Rome]
As early as the time of the Twelve Tables in the 5th century BC, Roman civil court proceedings were divided into two stages: the court proceedings and the adjudication proceedings.

*Some of the terminology explanations that mention "sykophantēs" are listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

…陪審者は法律と証拠に従って裁決することを誓い，判決は陪審者の秘密投票，多数決によった。大衆訴追権の承認と成功報酬は職業的訴訟提起者sykophantēsの続出を生み，また弁護士制度の欠如はイサイオス，デモステネスなどの法廷弁論代作者を生む結果となった。【太田 秀通】
［古代ローマ］
　ローマの通常民事裁判手続は，前5世紀成立の十二表法の時代からすでに，法廷手続と審判手続の2段階に分かれていた。…

※「sykophantēs」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

出典｜株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第２版について | 情報