Gu Jie Gang

A Chinese scholar of ancient history. Born in Suzhou (Jiangsu Province). At Peking University, he was deeply impressed by Hu Shi, who had just returned from the United States. Through their academic exchange as teacher and student, he developed a stance of breaking down the unscientific conventional wisdom of ancient Chinese history (the skeptical school of ancient history), and published the seven-volume Koshiben. In particular, the autobiography in the first volume (1926) left a strong impression on readers as a piece of writing about the academic journey of a researcher who had lived sincerely in a time of national crisis, and has been translated into Japanese and English. After being appointed professor at Peking University in 1929, he published the essay "Politics and History under the Theory of the Five Virtues," shedding light on the intellectual history of the Qin and Han periods, and also edited the historical geography journal Yu Gong. After the founding of the People's Republic of China in 1949, he criticized Hu Shi and was also responsible for the proofreading of the Zizhi Tongjian and the Twenty-Four Histories. These works have been of great benefit as the definitive editions of the classics.

[Akira Kasugai]

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

中国の古代史学者。蘇州(そしゅう／スーチョウ)（江蘇(こうそ／チヤンスー)省）の人。北京(ペキン)大学でアメリカ帰りの胡適(こてき／フーシー)に心服し、師弟としての学問的交流のなかから、非科学的な従来の中国古代史を打破しようとする姿勢（疑古派）が生まれ、『古史辨(こしべん)』（全7冊）を出版した。とくに第1冊（1926）所収の「自叙」は、民族の危機の時代に誠実に生きた一研究者としての学問的遍歴の文章として多大の感銘を与え、日本語・英語にも翻訳されている。1929年に北京大学教授に迎えられてからは、論文「五徳終始説下の政治と歴史」を発表し秦漢(しんかん)時代の思想史に光をあてるとともに、歴史地理学雑誌『禹貢(うこう)』をも編集。1949年、中華人民共和国成立後は胡適批判を行い、また『資治通鑑(しじつがん)』および「二十四史」の校定作業の責任を負った。これらの成果は古典の定本として裨益(ひえき)すること多大なものがある。

［春日井明］

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