Willow tit - Willow tit

Japanese: コガラ(小雀) - コガラ（英語表記）willow tit

A passerine bird of the family Paridae (illustration). Total length is about 13 cm. Its upper parts are pale gray-brown, with black on the top of its head and throat, and white on its cheeks and undersides. It lives in pairs in deciduous broadleaf forests and mixed forests of conifers and broadleaf trees from the upper part of the low mountain zone to the subalpine zone, feeding on small insects from leaves and the tips of branches. During the breeding season, males chirp repeatedly in a clear voice: chi-chi, chi-chi, chi-chi, or chi-tsu-chi, chi-tsu-chi. From May to July, males and females work together to dig a nest in rotten wood or use a natural tree cavity, lay a large amount of moss at the bottom of the nest, and lay 5 to 8 eggs per clutch.

Source: Heibonsha World Encyclopedia, 2nd Edition Information

Japanese:

スズメ目シジュウカラ科の鳥（イラスト）。全長約13cm。上面は淡い灰褐色で，頭の上とのどが黒く，ほおと下面は白い。低山帯上部から亜高山帯にかけての落葉広葉樹林や針葉樹と広葉樹の混交林につがいですみ，葉や枝先から小型の昆虫類を採食する。繁殖期には，雄がチチー，チチー，チチー，あるいはチーツーチー，チーツーチーと澄んだ声で繰り返しさえずる。5～7月に，雌雄が共同で朽木に巣穴を掘るか，または天然の樹洞を利用して，巣穴の底に多量のコケ類を敷き，そこに1腹5～8個の卵を産む。

出典　株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典第２版について　情報

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