...The conclusions that are now generally accepted as the accepted theory are as follows: First, the typical settlements of the Germanic peoples in the early Middle Ages that can be verified were loose groups of 4-5 to 10 houses at most, with irregular vegetable gardens and cultivated land attached to each house, as well as large common areas (Esch) for staple grain production consisting of extremely elongated strips of land, and common land. In academic circles, this is called the "primitive Urdorf village," but its main constituents were probably clans or retainers during the period of ethnic migration. *Some of the terminology that mentions "Esch" is listed below. Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information |
…そして現在ほぼ定説と認められている結論の概略は次のようである。 まずゲルマン人について立証可能な初期中世における一般的な集落は,4~5戸からせいぜい10戸程度のルーズなまとまりであり,各家屋敷に付属した不規則な形の菜園および耕地のほかに,極端な長形地条から成る主穀生産のための広い共同耕区(エッシュEsch)と入会地を伴うものであった。学界ではこれを〈原初村落Urdorf〉と呼んでいるが,その主体はおそらく民族移動期の氏族または従士団であったと思われる。… ※「Esch」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。 出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報 |
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