Metropolitan system - Tosei

Japanese: 都制 - とせい

The system of Tokyo, the capital of Japan. In 1943, Tokyo City was abolished, and the area of Tokyo Prefecture became Tokyo. The Tokyo Metropolitan Government (Act No. 89 of 1943) was enacted, but this system reform was aimed at centralized bureaucratic governance. After World War II, the Local Autonomy Law was enacted in 1947, based on the principle of local autonomy in the Constitution, and Tokyo became a wide-area local public entity that included both special wards and cities, towns, and villages equivalent to the former Tokyo City. The relationship between the capital and the cities, towns, and villages is the same as that between other prefectures and cities, towns, and villages, but the relationship between the capital and the special wards is somewhat different. Previously, the mayors of the wards were selected by the ward assemblies with the consent of the governor, and the affairs of the wards were limited, but the Local Autonomy Law was revised in 1974, and the mayors became publicly elected, and the affairs of the wards were largely transferred to the wards, making the wards more like ordinary local public entities.

Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information

Japanese:

日本の首都，東京都に関する制度。 1943年東京市を廃止し，東京府の区域が東京都となって，東京都制 (昭和 18年法律 89号) が施行されたが，この制度改革は中央集権的官治主義を目的としたものであった。第2次世界大戦後，憲法にある地方自治の本旨に依拠して，47年地方自治法が制定され，これによって東京都は，かつての東京市に匹敵する部分の特別区と市町村との両者を包括する広域の地方公共団体となった。都と市町村との関係は，ほかの府県と市町村との関係と同一であるが，都と特別区との関係については，やや事情が異なる。従来，区長は区議会により，都知事の同意を得て選任され，また区の事務も限定的であったが，74年の地方自治法の改正により，区長が公選となり，また事務の区への大幅な移譲が行われて，区は普通地方公共団体に近いものとなった。

出典　ブリタニカ国際大百科事典小項目事典ブリタニカ国際大百科事典小項目事典について　情報

<<: Saturn - Saturn (English spelling)

>>: Rio Doce (English spelling)