Enzymes have been used since ancient times to carry out some of the processes in the production of fermented foods. Even today, malt amylase is used to convert starch into sugar in beer brewing, and rennin made from calf stomach juice is used to coagulate milk proteins in cheese production. However, it is not clear when these uses first began, and some are thought to date back to prehistoric times. However, it was only from the mid-20th century that the use of enzymes moved beyond its auxiliary role in the brewing industry and became recognized as an independent technology. Source: Heibonsha World Encyclopedia, 2nd Edition Information |
酵素は古来醸造食品の製造において,一部の工程を遂行するために利用されてきた。現在でもビールの醸造でデンプンの糖化に麦芽のアミラーゼが,またチーズの製造に際し乳タンパク質の凝固に子牛の胃液から作られたレンニンが使用されているが,これらがいつごろから始まったかは定かでなく,あるものは有史以前にさかのぼることができると考えられる。しかし,酵素の利用が醸造工業の補助的役割を脱し,独立した技術として認められるようになったのは20世紀中ごろ以降のことである。
出典 株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について 情報 |
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