Amethyst - Amethyst (English spelling)

Japanese: アメシスト - あめしすと(英語表記)amethyst
Amethyst - Amethyst (English spelling)

Also called purple quartz. Amethyst is a type of quartz that can be purple, blue-purple, or red-purple. It has been known since ancient times and is one of the twelve gemstones mentioned in the Bible. Its color is due to the ferric iron (Fe 3+ ) it contains. It is known that the higher the content of this metal, the darker the color. When amethyst is heated to around 250°C, it turns into the yellow color known as citrine. Amethyst is often found in simple hexagonal or short columnar crystals with pyramidal faces, and complex crystal faces are rare. In most cases, it is twinned and has a well-developed zoning structure, so there are often noticeable differences in color within a single crystal. Therefore, large crystals with a uniform color are rare, and it is the most expensive of all quartz. Its most important occurrence is in the voids of basic volcanic rocks, especially basaltic lava, where it is accompanied by agate and zeolite, and large ones are found in Brazil, Uruguay, Canada, and other places. It is also found in epithermal vein deposits and granitic pegmatites. In Japan, it is found in Fujiya, Hino-cho, Tottori Prefecture, Amazukayama, Shiroishi-shi, Miyagi Prefecture, and Miyatamata Mine (closed), Kyowa-cho, Akita Prefecture (now Daisen-shi). It is the birthstone for February. The name comes from the Greek word meaning not to get drunk, apparently because in ancient times amethyst was believed to have the power to cure drunkenness.

[Satoshi Matsubara]

[Reference item] | Crystal | Birthstone | Gemstone
Amethyst (Raw Stone)
Produced in Yusenji, Komatsu City, Ishikawa Prefecture ©Shogakukan

Amethyst (Raw Stone)

Amethyst
©Central Gem Laboratory ">

Amethyst


Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

紫水晶ともいう。紫、青紫、赤紫色などをした水晶。古代から知られ、聖書に出てくる12の宝石の一つ。色の原因は含まれている第二鉄(Fe3+)による。この含有量が多いと、色が濃くなることが知られている。アメシストを250℃前後で加熱すると黄色のいわゆるシトリンに変わる。アメシストは錐面(すいめん)をもつ単純な六角柱状ないし短柱状結晶で産することが多く、複雑な結晶面が現れることはまれである。またほとんどの場合、集片双晶をしており、累帯構造が発達しているため、一つの結晶中で色の濃淡が顕著な場合が多い。したがって色の均質な大形の結晶は少なく、水晶中でもっとも高価である。もっとも重要な産状は、塩基性火山岩、とくに玄武岩質溶岩の空隙(くうげき)に、めのうや沸石(ふっせき)類を伴っているものであり、ブラジル、ウルグアイ、カナダなどに大規模なものがみられる。ほかに、浅熱水鉱脈鉱床、花崗(かこう)岩質ペグマタイト中からも産する。日本では、鳥取県日野町藤屋、宮城県白石市雨塚山(あまづかやま)、秋田県協和町(現、大仙(だいせん)市)宮田又(みやたまた)鉱山(閉山)などから産した。2月の誕生石。名称は酔わないという意味のギリシア語に由来し、これは古代、アメシストに酔いを治す力があると信じられていたためらしい。

[松原 聰]

[参照項目] | 水晶 | 誕生石 | 宝石
アメシスト(紫水晶)〔原石〕
石川県小松市遊泉寺産©Shogakukan">

アメシスト(紫水晶)〔原石〕

アメシスト(紫水晶)
©中央宝石研究所">

アメシスト(紫水晶)


出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例

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