A - Ko

Japanese: 甲 - こう

[1] 〘 noun 〙① Armor. By extension, helmet. [New Translation of the Kegon Sutra Ongi Shiki (794)] [Mencius - King Hui of Liang, Vol . 1] ② The hard outer part. (i) The hard shell that covers the outside of the body of a turtle, crab , etc. A shell. [Ten-volume Wamyōshō (c. 934)] ※Kokin Rokujō (c. 976-987), Vol. 3 “I heard that the turtle’s tail was in a dunghill at the bottom of an old river. I have heard that it was there.” [Daidairi-ki - Yi Honmei] (ii) An abbreviation of “tortoiseshell.” ※Sharakuhon, Seirou Hiru no Sekai Kin no Ura (1791) “I brought this hairpin and had it turned, but it’s a really good piece of armor , so could you take it off?” (ha) The nails on the hands and feet. Also, something shaped like a nail. [Wamyosho, 20 volumes (c. 934)] [Kanshi - Shiji] (ni) The outer surface of the hands and feet. The back of the hand. The top of the foot. *Ryōkō-in version of Myoho-renge-kyō, late Heian period section (c. 1050), vol . 4, "If one were to place the earth on the top of one's foot and rise to Brahma" (ho) The bones of the head. The skull. [Shuowen Jiezi - Volume 1, vol. 4, lower part, top section] (fe) A knot in a tree. *Kanchi-in version of Sanbo-e (984), lower part, "The monk's offering is in his obi bag, <omitted> carrying a bowl and a mushroom sprout." ③ The bulging part of the body of a stringed instrument such as a biwa or shamisen. ※Heike (early 13th century) 7 "The 'ko' is the 'ko' of wisteria, <abbreviated> because the rising moon at dawn was painted on the face of the plectrum ." ④ The wide, flat part above the base of a crown. ※Buke Shozoku-Sho (1761) 3 (Kojiki-Ruien, Clothing 21) "The part that runs horizontally between the front of a crown and the armor is called 'ageo'." ⑤ The base of geta sandals. ※Essays, Morisada Manko (1837-53) 27 "The base of geta sandals, or armor, is made exclusively of paulownia wood." ⑥ The first of the ten stems . By extension, it is used to express the rank of things. (I) The first of the ten stems. Kinoe. ※Shiji Sho (1477) 3 "Gongji is A, B, Wu, Geng, and Ren." [I Ching - Gu Gua] (b) The first rank of things. The most excellent. ※Ming Heng Wolai (mid-11th century) Nakamoto "Saganotei. The place is superb. A _{is the only} mountain _village outside the castle." ※Hakuhobon - Yashojin (1820-49) First "There is no A or B level to describe both the upper and lower classes." [Zhenguo Strategy - Wei Strategy] (b) A symbol used in place of the name of one of two or more things. ※Ryo Gikai (833) Gunbo "A - _{Cutting off a head} , 5th grade. B - 3rd grade. C - 4th grade." [Shiji - Wan Shi Jun Biography] (d) Refers to a high note in Japanese music. Kan. ※Taiheiki (late 14th century) 21 “When Shinichi climbed the triple armor , Kakuichi was placed in the first rank of the armor.”⑦ (adjective) To be strong and valiant. Also, the state of being strong. Brave. ※Azuma Kagami - Bunji 1 (1185) April 15 “In repeated battles, the heart is in armor.”※Heike (early 13th century) 8 “The armor that is heard is of great strength.”[2] An abbreviation of the place name “Kai (Kai).” [Additional note] The pronunciation is “kafu,” but in the case of the turtle’s shell and the shell of a claw, as in (1)②, it seems that it has been called “kofu” since ancient times, as can be seen in the “Wamyo-sho.” “Kanchi-in Honmyogishō” and “Iroha Jiruishō” also say “kofu.”

Kan [A]

〘noun〙 (The Japanese pronunciation of " kou ", some say it is a Tang pronunciation) In music, a high tone of sound or voice. Kou. ※Fukyokushu (around 1423) "Kou is the level of a yarigoe, and Otsu is about the level of a motsukoe." [Additional note] As a term in Japanese music, it is used in various ways. (1) Generally a high-pitched sound. (2) A sound one octave higher than the fundamental sound. (3) The part sung in a high range. (4) One of the key points of the shamisen. (5) A technique for playing the kotsuzumi drum.

Ki-no-e [Part 1]

〘Noun〙 (meaning the elder brother of trees) The first of the ten heavenly stems . Like this. ※Sotanshu (early 11th century) "The pine tree I planted and cut has two leaves, and the branches are now sprout. Spring has come." [Meigoki (1275)]

Source: The Selected Edition of the Japanese Language Dictionary About the Selected Edition of the Japanese Language Dictionary Information

Japanese:

[1] 〘名〙① よろい。転じて、兜(かぶと)。〔新訳華厳経音義私記（794）〕〔孟子‐梁恵王・上〕② 表面の堅い部分。(イ) 亀(かめ)、蟹(かに)などの体の外部をおおっている堅い殻。こうら。〔十巻本和名抄（934頃）〕※古今六帖（976‐987頃）三「古川の底のこひぢにありと聞く亀のこふとも知らせてしかな」〔大戴礼記‐易本命〕(ロ) 「べっこう（鼈甲）」の略。※洒落本・青楼昼之世界錦之裏（1791）「此笄(かんざし)はこんだ挽(ひか)せやしたが、とんだ甲(コウ)がいいから、取てをきなされませんか」(ハ) 手足の爪。また、爪の形をしたもの。〔二十巻本和名抄（934頃）〕〔管子‐四時〕(ニ) 手足の外表面。手の甲。足の甲。※龍光院本妙法蓮華経平安後期点（1050頃）四「若し大地を以て足の甲(コフ)の上に置きて、梵天に昇らむも」(ホ) 頭の骨。頭蓋骨。〔説文解字‐巻一四下・甲部〕(ヘ) 木の節。※観智院本三宝絵（984）下「僧供は鉢、〈略〉きのこふにうけ帯袋にいる」③ 琵琶、三味線など弦楽器の胴のふくらんだ部分。※平家（１３Ｃ前）七「こうは紫藤のこう、〈略〉有明の月の出づるを撥面(ばちめん)にかかれたりけるゆゑにこそ」④ 冠の磯(いそ)の上の広く平らな部分。※武家装束抄（1761）三（古事類苑・服飾二一）「一冠の前巾子と甲との間に横に引わたせるをあげ緒といふ」⑤ 下駄の台。※随筆・守貞漫稿（1837‐53）二七「下駄の台或は甲と云桐製を専とし」⑥ 十干(じっかん)の第一番目。転じて物事の等級などを表わすのに用いる。(イ) 十干の第一番目。きのえ。※史記抄（1477）三「剛日は甲丙戊庚壬也」〔易経‐蠱卦〕(ロ) 物事の等級の第一位。最もすぐれていること。※明衡往来（１１Ｃ中か）中本「嵯峨野亭。其地勝絶。甲_二於城外之山庄_一」※滑稽本・八笑人（1820‐49）初「上下(うへした)ひっくるめて甲乙なしのドロビイ」〔戦国策‐魏策〕(ハ) 二つ以上の事物をさす時、その一つの名に代えて用いる記号。※令義解（833）軍防「甲斬_レ首五級。乙三級。丙四級」〔史記‐万石君伝〕(ニ) 邦楽で高音をいう。かん。※太平記（１４Ｃ後）二一「真都(しんいち)三重の甲(カウ)を上ぐれば、覚一(かくいち)初重の乙に収めて」⑦ (形動) 強く勇猛なこと。また、そのさま。剛勇。※吾妻鏡‐文治元年（1185）四月一五日「度々合戦に心は甲にて有は」※平家（１３Ｃ前）八「きこゆる甲の者、大ぢから也ければ」[2] 地名「かい（甲斐）」の略。[補注]字音は「カフ」であるが、(一)②の亀の甲、爪の甲などの場合は、「和名抄」に見えるように古くから「コフ」といったようである。「観智院本名義抄」「色葉字類抄」にも「コフ」とある。

かん【甲】

〘名〙 (「甲(こう)」の日本での慣用音、唐音とする説もある) 音楽で、音(ね)や声の高い調子。こう。※風曲集（1423頃）「甲はやる声の位、乙はもつこゑのくらゐなり」[補注]邦楽用語としては、いろいろに使われる。(1)一般に調子が高い音。(2)基本音に対して一オクターブ高い音。(3)高い音域で歌う部分。(4)三味線の勘所(かんどころ)の一つ。(5)小鼓(こつづみ)の奏法の一つ。