A university town in eastern Massachusetts, USA. It is located across the Charles River from Boston. It is the center of scientific and industrial research in the country, with Harvard University, Radcliffe College, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, the Smithsonian Astrophysical Laboratory, and the John F. Kennedy Memorial Library. In 1630, the Massachusetts Bay Company established a colony called New Town, and in 1636 Harvard University was established there, and in 1638 it was named after a British university town. It is the birthplace of printing and bookbinding in the United States, and played an important role in the history of the founding of the United States, and is a place associated with many writers and thinkers such as Longfellow. Since the subway was opened between Boston and New Town in 1912, industrialization has progressed, and factories for food, chemical products, electrical appliances, printing, rubber, leather products, metal products, etc. have been established. Since around 1950, there has been a strong tendency for factories and houses to move to the suburbs, and the population, which exceeded 120,000 in 1950, has now fallen to below 100,000, and urban redevelopment is being carried out to stop the population decline. Population: 95,802 (1990). Cambridge |
アメリカ合衆国,マサチューセッツ州東部の大学都市。チャールズ川をはさんでボストンの対岸にある。ハーバード大学,ラドクリフ女子大学,マサチューセッツ工科大学,スミソニアン天体物理学研究所,J.F.ケネディ記念図書館などがあり,同国の科学,産業の研究の中心地。 1630年マサチューセッツ湾会社によりニュータウンという植民地がつくられたが,36年にハーバード大学ができ,38年にイギリスの大学町の名前がつけられた。合衆国での印刷,製本の発祥地であり,合衆国建国の歴史に重要な役割を演じ,ロングフェローら数多くの文人,思想家ゆかりの地。 1912年にボストンとの間に地下鉄が開通してから工業化が進み,食料品,化学製品,電気器具,印刷,ゴム,皮製品,金属製品などの工場が立地するようになった。 50年頃から工場と住宅が郊外へ移動する傾向が強くなり,50年に 12万人をこえていた人口も現在 10万人を割り,人口減少を食止めるべく都市再開発が行われている。人口9万 5802 (1990) 。
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