A highly sensitive device that detects the presence or absence of minute voltages or currents. There are various types depending on their application and structure, but examples include DC galvanometers, AC galvanometers (vibration galvanometers), magnetometers, electrometers, telephone receivers, and foil electroscopes. Since the beginning of the Heisei era, electroscopes have been widely used, which modulate and amplify minute inputs with amplifiers using electronic circuits, and display the output on a sturdy instrument, making them highly sensitive overall while reducing the hassle of delicate operation and handling. The receiver is a simple device for detecting minute alternating currents of 300 to 5000 Hz. The foil electroscope is a simple electricity detector that has long been used to determine the presence or absence of static electricity and to distinguish between positive and negative polarity. A voltage tester, used by electricians and others as a simple tool to detect whether an electrical circuit is charged, consists of a high resistor and a small neon tube connected in series inside a pencil or screwdriver. When the metal tip of the tool is placed against a charged part of the circuit, it emits a faint light. [Toshiharu Takao] [Reference] | | |©Shogakukan "> Foil and pencil type electroscopes Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
微小な電圧や電流の有無を検出する高感度の装置。用途や構造によっていろいろなものがあるが、直流検流計、交流検流計(振動検流計)、磁束計、電位計、受話器、箔(はく)検電器などがあげられる。 平成年代に入るころから、電子回路を用いた増幅器で微小入力を変調・増幅し、その出力をじょうぶな計器で指示させ、全体として高感度にするとともに、微妙な操作や取扱いの煩わしさを少なくした検電器が広く用いられてきている。受話器は300~5000ヘルツの微小交流電流の検出に簡便な装置である。また箔検電器は、古くから静電気の電気量の有無、プラス・マイナスの極性判別などに用いられている簡便な電気量検出器である。 電気回路が充電されているかどうかを簡単に検出する器具として電気工事士などが使う検電器は、高抵抗と小さなネオン管を直列にしたものを、ペンシルあるいはドライバーに組み込んだもので、先端の金属部分を回路の充電部分に当てると、かすかに発光するようになっている。 [高尾利治] [参照項目] | | |©Shogakukan"> 箔検電器とペンシル型検電器 出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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