A city in southeastern Iran. The capital of Kerman Province. It is located about 1,100 km southeast of Tehran, on a plateau at an altitude of 1,749 meters, with the Lut Desert to the north. Population: 384,991 (1996), 537,718 (2016 census). Annual precipitation: 203 mm. It is a key transportation hub connecting the port of Bandar Abbas on the Persian Gulf with Khorasan and Tehran. It is famous for its carpet and shawl production. In ancient times, this region was called Karmania. Kerman was built as a military colony during the reign of Bahram V of the Sassanid dynasty, and new fields were developed at the same time. It is known for the massacre of over 20,000 residents of this city in 1794 by Agha Muhammad, the founder of the Turkish Qajar dynasty, who accused them of siding with the previous dynasty, the Zand dynasty. During the reign of Fatali Shah, the second Qajar ruler, a new city was built northwest of the old city and flourished under Governor Wakil-ul-Mulk. There are many Zandist buildings, and Wakil Bazaar is located in the center of the city. On December 26, 2003, a magnitude 6.3 earthquake occurred in Bam (population 70,000 in 1996), located 180 km south of Kerman. The total death toll was about 30,000, with 16,000 injured, and many buildings collapsed. The remains of the citadel of Arg-e-Bam, northeast of Bam, were almost completely destroyed. [Masataka Okazaki] Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
イラン南東部の都市。ケルマーン州の州都。テヘランの南東約1100キロメートル、標高1749メートルの高原に位置し、北にルート砂漠を控える。人口38万4991(1996)、53万7718(2016センサス)。年降水量203ミリメートル。ペルシア湾のバンダル・アッバース港とホラサーン、テヘランを結ぶ交通の要地である。カーペットとショールの産地として有名である。古代にこの地方はカルマニアと称した。ササン朝のバフラーム5世の時代に軍事植民都市としてケルマーン市が建設され、同時に新田開発も進んだ。1794年トルコ系のカージャール朝の始祖アガー・ムハンマドが、この町の住民が前王朝ザンド朝にくみしたとして2万人を超える住民を虐殺したことで知られる。カージャール朝第2代のファタリー・シャーの時代に旧市の北西に新市がつくられ、知事ワキーロル・モルクのもとで繁栄した。ザンド朝の建造物が多く、町の中心にはワキール・バザールがある。ケルマーン市の南方180キロメートルに位置する都市バムBam(1996年人口約7万人)で、2003年12月26日マグニチュード6.3の地震が発生した。総死者数約3万人、負傷者約1万6000人、多くの建物が倒壊した。バム市北東の城塞(じょうさい)遺跡アルゲ・バムは、ほぼ全壊した。 [岡﨑正孝] 出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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