Pseudobulbar palsy

Japanese: 仮性球麻痺 - かせいきゅうまひ（英語表記）pseudobulbar palsy

Paralysis caused by damage to the medulla oblongata is called bulbar palsy, whereas paralysis caused by bilateral damage to the cerebral cortex or supranuclear pathway without any lesion in the medulla oblongata is called pseudobulbar palsy or supranuclear bulbar palsy. Cortical paralysis is also called cerebral glossopharyngeal palsy, and subcortical paralysis is also called bulbar glossopharyngeal palsy. The cause of pseudobulbar palsy is atherosclerosis of cerebral blood vessels and the resulting softening, bleeding, and poststroke cysts. The first symptom is a stroke-like attack caused by cerebral arteriosclerosis, that is, paralysis of one or several limbs, followed by paralysis of the facial muscles, lips, tongue, palate, and pharyngeal muscles. A gloomy smile is often seen as a symptom of spastic paralysis, so it is sometimes called laughing disease. Since the symptoms are similar to those of bulbar paralysis, care must be taken in differentiation.

Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information

Japanese:

延髄の障害による麻痺を球麻痺と呼ぶのに対し，延髄には病変がなく，大脳皮質または核上性経路の両側性損傷による麻痺症状を仮性球麻痺あるいは核上球麻痺ともいう。また大脳皮質性のものを大脳性舌唇咽頭麻痺，皮質下性のものを大脳延髄性舌唇咽頭麻痺とも呼ぶ。仮性球麻痺の原因は，脳血管のアテローム変性とその結果である軟化，出血，卒中後嚢腫などである。症状は，まず脳動脈硬化による卒中様発作，すなわち一肢または数肢の麻痺が起り，そのあとで顔面筋，唇，舌，口蓋，咽頭諸筋の麻痺を生じるのが特徴である。痙性麻痺の症状として，陰気な笑いの表情がよく見られるので，笑い病と呼ばれることもある。球麻痺と類似の症状を呈するので，鑑別に注意を要する。

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