…The liberal biography of Jesus was fundamentally criticized from two aspects by the research that emerged from within liberal theology itself. One of them was that Johannes Weiss (1863-1914)'s Sermon on the Kingdom of God (1892) and A. Schweitzer's Thorough Eschatology (History of the Biography of Jesus, 1906), which was a more thorough version of Weiss's work, revealed the eschatological transcendence of Jesus' sermon on the Kingdom of God in the context of the historical understanding of contemporary Jewish apocalyptic literature and the longing for the end of the world. Furthermore, William Wrede's (1859-1906) groundbreaking work The Secret of the Messiah in the Gospels (1901) revealed that the Gospel of Mark itself is permeated as a whole with a certain theological idea, i.e., the secret of the Messiah, and therefore cannot be used as a basic historical source for the historical reconstruction of the biography of Jesus. … From [Biblical Studies]…Heinrich Julius Holtzmann (1832-1910) perfected the theory of two historical sources (Matthew and Luke used Mark and the Q sayings of Jesus). Johannes Weiss (1863-1914) and A. Schweitzer showed the influence of Jewish apocalyptic literature on Jesus, and Wilhelm Bousset (1865-1920) emphasized the relationship between the New Testament and Hellenistic religions. After World War II, stylistic studies revealed that the Gospels were created from a collection of fragmentary oral traditions, and since the 1950s, redactional studies have extracted the additions and theological ideas of the Gospel writers. … *Some of the terminology referenced in "Weiss, J." is listed below. Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information |
…自由主義のイエス伝はやがて自由主義神学そのものの内から現れた研究により,二つの側面から根本的に批判された。その一つは,ワイスJohannes Weiss(1863‐1914)の《神の国についてのイエスの説教》(1892),およびワイスをより徹底させたA.シュワイツァーの〈徹底的終末論〉(《イエス伝研究史》1906)によって,イエスの〈神の国〉の説教の持つ終末論的超越性が同時代のユダヤ教黙示文学の歴史理解と終末待望の背景から明らかにされたことである。さらには,《マルコによる福音書》自体が全体として一定の神学的理念=〈メシアの秘密〉によって貫かれており,イエス伝の史的再構成のための基礎史料とはなりえないことが,ウレーデWilliam Wrede(1859‐1906)の画期的著作《福音書におけるメシアの秘密》(1901)によって明らかにされた。… 【聖書学】より…ホルツマンHeinrich Julius Holtzmann(1832‐1910)は〈二史料説〉(マタイとルカはマルコとイエス語録Qを利用した)を完成した。ワイスJohannes Weiss(1863‐1914),A.シュワイツァーは,イエスへのユダヤ教黙示文学の影響を示し,ブセット(ブーセ)Wilhelm Bousset(1865‐1920)は新約とヘレニズム諸宗教の関係を強調した。第2次大戦後,様式史的研究は,福音書が断片的口伝を集めて作られたものであることを明らかにし,1950年代以降,編集史的研究は,福音書記者の加筆と神学思想を取り出した。… ※「Weiss,J.」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。 出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報 |
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