A Greek colony (Apoikia) on the south coast of Sicily. It is now Gela. It was founded by the Cretans and Rhodians around 688 BC. It controlled the fertile plains of the Gela River basin and extended its influence over the indigenous peoples inland, and became the most powerful state in Sicily under the tyrants Cleander and Hippocrates. However, when Gelon captured Syracuse in 485 BC and moved his government there, about half of the citizens of Gela were forced to accompany him. Gela was later rebuilt, but was destroyed by the Carthaginians in 405 BC and abandoned by Dionysius I of Syracuse. Timoleon's reconstruction around 337 BC was thwarted by the massacre of 4,000 citizens by the Syracusan tyrant Agathocles in 311 BC, and in 280 BC Phincius of Akragas moved the inhabitants of Gela to the new city of Phincius. Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information |
シチリア島南岸の古代ギリシアの植民市 (アポイキア ) 。現ジェラ。前 688年頃クレタ人とロードス人によって建設された。ゲラ川流域の沃野を支配して内陸の先住民にも勢力を拡大し,僭主クレアンドロスとヒポクラテスのときには,シチリアの最強国となった。しかしゲロンが前 485年にシラクサを奪取し,そこに政庁を移す際,約半数のゲラ市民は強制的に同行させられた。ゲラはその後再び復興したが,前 405年カルタゴ人に破壊され,シラクサのディオニュシオス1世によって放棄された。前 337年頃チモレオンによる再建も前 311年シラクサの僭主アガトクレスの 4000人の市民殺戮によって挫折し,前 280年アクラガスのフィンチアスはゲラの住民を新市フィンチアスに移した。
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