Blood ties - kinship

Japanese: 血縁 - けつえん(英語表記)kinship
Blood ties - kinship

"Parent-child relationship" refers to a social relationship that can be traced as a series of filiations, in other words, a relationship based on "birth," and is often used in contrast to "local ties." However, "parent-child relationship" and "birth" here are both social facts and should not be confused with biological facts. For example, among African patrilineal tribes, when a fiancé dies, the ghost marriage system is often observed, in which the fiancé has sexual relations with a male relative of the deceased and the child born is the child of the deceased. In addition to ghost marriage, the Nuer people of South Sudan also have a form of marriage in which a woman marries as a man, and the "husband" woman asks another man to give birth to a child for her wife and becomes the "father" of that child. In either case, the "parent-child relationship" does not coincide with the biological parent-child relationship. In Japan, as can be seen from the use of the word "blood," blood ties are used in the form of "blood ties," which has a strong biological connotation, and some people say that it is not an appropriate analytical concept. The very act of viewing kinship ties through the pseudo-biological metaphor of "blood" can be said to be a phenomenon peculiar to the cultures of some societies, including Japan. In order to avoid these difficulties, there are attempts to clearly distinguish between social and biological blood ties, but this has the drawback of being rather cumbersome.

[Mitsuru Hamamoto]

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

「親子関係」filiationの連続としてたどることができる社会関係、いいかえれば「出生」に基づく関係をさし、「地縁」との対比においてもしばしば用いられている。ただし、ここでいう「親子関係」「出生」は、ともに社会的事実としてのそれであって、単に生物学的な事実と混同してはならない。たとえば、アフリカの父系部族の間では、しばしば婚約中の男が死亡すると、その婚約者に死者の親族男性と性的交渉をもたせ、生まれた子供を死者の子とする、亡霊婚ghost marriageの制度がみられる。また南スーダンのヌエル人の社会には、亡霊婚のほかに、女性が男性として結婚する形式もあり、「夫」である女性は、別の男性に頼んで妻に子を生ませ、自らがその子の「父」になる。いずれの場合においても「親子関係」は生物学的な意味での親子関係とは一致していない。血縁は、日本では、「血」ということばの使用からもうかがえるように、「血のつながり」といった形で、強い生物学的意味合いを込めて使用されており、分析概念としては適切ではないという意見もある。親族のつながりを「血」という擬似生物学的な隠喩(いんゆ)に訴えてとらえること自体、日本を含む一部の社会の文化特有の現象ともいえる。こういった難点を避けるため、社会的血縁、生物学的血縁の区別を明示する試みもあるが、やや煩瑣(はんさ)にすぎる難がある。

[濱本 満]

出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例

<<:  Coefficient of relationship

>>:  Blood-brain barrier

Recommend

Emmerich Kálmán

A Hungarian-born composer. He was active mainly i...

Compression test

...For this reason, knowing the properties of soi...

Millet-making ritual - Millet-making ritual

…Rituals are broadly divided into those for grain...

Triggerfish

...A marine fish of the Tetraodontiformes order a...

Sargassum piluliferum (English spelling) Sargassumpiluliferum

…[Mitsuo Chihara]. . . *Some of the terminology t...

Dakins' solution

…A. Labarraque used it earlier in 1825 to clean i...

clergé (English spelling) clerge

…These associations largely embraced the traditio...

Obwalden

…the sixth canton in the Swiss Confederation. How...

Olmec Style

The Olmec culture in Mesoamerica created a unique...

Galloway, J.

…Many of them were against independence, but they...

Dry sparsely forested area

…The forests of western Uganda and eastern Democr...

Separation of Akakios - The division of Akakios

…In 484, the Church of Rome excommunicated Akaciu...

Simeon, Charles

Born: 24 September 1759, Reading Died November 13,...

Ojhā (English spelling)

A medieval court poet in the Bengal region of Indi...

Magpie (English spelling)

A passerine bird of the Corvidae family (illustrat...