Gourmond - Gourmond (English spelling) Remy de Gourmond

French writer and critic. Born into a distinguished family in Normandy. He studied at the University of Caen and later became a librarian at the National Library of Paris, but was dismissed from his position due to the radical anti-patriotic tone of his essay "Patriotism's Toys" (1891) which he had published in the magazine Mercure de France. Around this time, he suffered another misfortune. A disease called "tuberculous lupus" left disfiguring scars on his face, forcing him into an even more solitary and confined life.

His literary career, which began in the aftermath of these two events, was a constant and delicate balancing act between the symbolic climate and the reality of life, between intellectual life and sensual life, between platonic love and sensual love. His works, such as "Poems for Consolation" (1912), which includes the famous "Simone" poem, "Sixtine, or a Brain Novel" (1890), a work that brilliantly anticipated the 20th century, and especially his masterpiece "Letter to an Amazon" (1914), are all based on the above themes. As a critic, he used the term "ideo-separation" to advocate the elimination of the mundane parts of ideas or images, and in fact, the anti-patriotic essay in question was one example of this. His representative works of criticism include "Mystical Latin" (1892), "The Cultivation of Ideas" (1900), "Collection of Masks" (1896-98), "Literary Walks" (1904-13), and "Philosophical Walks" (1905-09).

[Yoshitaka Matsuzaki]

"Literary Walks" (1938, Shunjusha), translated by Ishikawa Yu ; "Goulmont Poems" (Shincho Bunko), translated by Horiguchi Daigaku

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

フランスの作家、批評家。ノルマンディーの名門の出身。カーン大学に学び、のちパリの国立図書館司書となるが、免官される。『メルキュール・ド・フランス』誌に載せた論文『愛国心という玩具(がんぐ)』（1891）の過激な反愛国主義的口調のためであった。そのころもう一つの不幸が彼をみまう。「結核性狼瘡(ろうそう)」という病が醜い跡を顔に残していって、いっそうの孤独幽閉の生活を強いたからである。

　この二つのできごとと重なり合って始まる彼の文学活動は、象徴主義的風土と充実した生の現実、知的生活と感覚的生活、プラトニックな恋愛と官能的恋愛の間を、絶え間なく微妙に揺れ動きつつバランスを保った。有名な「シモーヌ」詩編を含む『慰戯詩集』（1912）、20世紀をみごとに先取りした作品『シクスティーヌあるいは頭脳小説』（1890）、そしてとりわけ傑作『悍婦(アマゾーヌ)への手紙』（1914）など、いずれも前記のテーマに沿っている。批評家としての彼は、「観念分離」なる用語を用いて、観念あるいはイメージの月並み部分を排除することを説いたが、実をいうと、例の反愛国主義的論文もそれの一例であった。批評の代表作は『神秘ラテン語』（1892）、『観念陶冶(とうや)』（1900）、『仮面集』（1896～98）、『文学散歩』（1904～13）、『哲学散歩』（1905～09）など。

［松崎芳隆］

『石川湧訳『文学的散歩』（1938・春秋社）』▽『堀口大学訳『グウルモン詩集』（新潮文庫）』

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