Courland (English spelling)
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An ancient name for the region on the eastern coast of the Baltic Sea, occupying the southern and southwestern shores of the Gulf of Riga in what is now the Republic of Latvia. The place name comes from the Latvian Kur people. Latvia's name is Kurzeme. In the early 13th century, Latvia was conquered and evangelized by the German Knights of the Sword, and in 1237 it became part of the German Knights. In 1562, during the Livonian War, Gotthard Kettler (1517-87), the Grand Master of the Livonian Knights, founded the secular Duchy of Courland (capital Mitau, now Jelgava) with the Polish king as its fief. Source: Heibonsha World Encyclopedia, 2nd Edition Information |
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バルト海の東岸で，現在のラトビア共和国のリガ湾南岸･南西岸を占める地方の古名。地名はラトビア系のクール人に由来。ラトビア名はクールゼメKurzeme。13世紀はじめドイツ人の剣友騎士団の征服と布教をうけ，1237年からドイツ騎士修道会に属した。リボニア戦争中の1562年，リボニアの騎士団長ゴットハルト･ケトラーGotthard Kettler(1517‐87)がポーランド王を封主とする世俗国家クールランド公国(首都ミタウ，現，エルガバ)を建てた。
出典 株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第２版について 情報 |
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