A city in Kujawsko-Pomorskie Voivodeship in northern Poland. It is called Graudenz in German. It is located about 100 km south of Gdańsk, facing the lower Wisła River, along the Torun-Gdańsk railway line. The town was founded as a fortress by Bolesław I the Brave (reigned 992-1025). It fell into the hands of the Teutonic Knights in 1226, and gained city rights in 1291. It returned to Poland in 1466, but after the First Partition of Poland in 1772, it became a powerful fortress under Prussian rule. It was restored to Polish territory by the Treaty of Versailles in 1919. 70% of the city was destroyed in World War II, but was quickly rebuilt after the war. Industries include rubber, metal, casting, lumber, food, textiles, and brewing. Population: 100,376 (2002). Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information |
ポーランド北部,クヤフスコ・ポモルスキェ県の都市。ドイツ語ではグラウデンツ Graudenz。グダニスク南方約 100km,ウィスワ川下流に臨み,トルン-グダニスク間の鉄道に沿う。ボレスワフ1世(勇敢王,在位 992~1025)の城塞構築に始まる町で,1226年ドイツ騎士団の手に落ち,1291年都市権を獲得。1466年ポーランドに戻ったが,1772年の第1次ポーランド分割後プロシア支配下で強力な要塞となった。1919年のベルサイユ条約で,再びポーランド領。第2次世界大戦で市街の 70%が破壊されたが,戦後急速に復興。ゴム,金属,鋳物,製材,食品,織物、醸造などの工業が行なわれる。人口 10万376(2002)。
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