Grimaldi, Francesco Maria

Japanese: グリマルディ（英語表記）Grimaldi， Francesco Maria

Born: April 2, 1618 in Bologna
Died December 28, 1663. Italian physicist, astronomer, and mathematician from Bologna. While teaching mathematics at the Bologna religious school, he engaged in research in astronomy and physics. He is known for his precise observations of the moon's surface using a telescope and his observations to determine the Bologna meridian (completed in 1655), but in his later years he devoted himself to optical research in order to complete his major work, Physico-mathesis de lumine, coloribus et iride (65, published posthumously). His theory of optics was developed around the traditional question of whether light is a substance or an accident, and he took the latter position, arguing that light is a property exhibited by a certain type of fluid. His famous discovery of diffraction fringes was presented as evidence to explain the mode of motion of the fluid, and he did not notice the periodicity of light. Therefore, his theory of optics cannot be considered a precursor to the wave theory of light.

Grimaldi
Grimaldi, Giovanni Francesco

Born: 1606. Bologna
Died in 1680. Italian landscape painter and sculptor. Influenced by A. Carracci, he created landscape and mythological frescoes for the Villa Doria Pamphilj in Rome. In 1649, he was invited by French Prime Minister Mazarin to Paris, where he worked on the decoration of the Louvre. He then returned to Rome, where he left behind many paintings for churches and palaces such as Santa Maria della Vittoria and the Borghese Palace.

Grimaldi
Grimaldi, Joseph

[Born] 1779
[Died] 1837
A famous British pantomime actor known as the "King of Clowns." He transformed the Harlequin clowns from country bumpkins into flamboyant Pierrots.

Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information

Japanese:

[生]1618.4.2. ボローニャ
[没]1663.12.28. ボローニャ
イタリアの物理学者，天文学者，数学者。ボローニャの宗教学校で数学を講じるかたわら，天文学，物理学の研究に従事。望遠鏡を用いた月面の精密観測，ボローニャの子午線決定のための観測 (1655完了) などが知られているが，晩年は主著『光，色，虹に関する物理・数学的論考』 Physico-mathesis de lumine，coloribus et iride (65。死後出版) 完成のために光学研究に励んだ。彼の光学理論は光が実体か偶有性かという伝統的な問題をめぐって展開されており，彼は後者の立場に立って，光はある種の流体が示す性質であるとした。有名な回折縞の発見も，その流体の運動様式を説明する証拠として提出されており，光の周期性には気づいていない。したがって彼の光学理論を光の波動説の先駆とみなすことはできない。

グリマルディ
Grimaldi， Giovanni Francesco

[生]1606. ボローニャ
[没]1680. ローマ
イタリアの風景画家，彫刻家。 A.カラッチの影響を受け，ローマのビラ・ドリア・パンフィリ宮のフレスコの風景画や神話画などを制作。 1649年フランスの宰相マザランに迎えられてパリにおもむき，ルーブル宮の装飾に従事。その後ローマに帰り，サンタ・マリア・デラ・ビットリアやボルゲーゼ宮などの聖堂や宮殿に多くの絵を残した。