Senzuka Iwahashi

Iwahashi, Wakayama City is a large group of approximately 600 ancient tombs dating from the early 5th century to the end of the 7th century. Located in the Iwahashi mountain range on the south bank of the Kinokawa River, the construction of the leading keyhole-shaped tombs changes in order from the hills of Hanayama, Otaniyama, Iwahashi-Maeyama, and Inbe-Maeyama. Iwahashi Senzuka is a general term for these. Hanayama Tomb No. 8, which is the earliest of the group of tombs, had a clay coffin, but from the 6th century onwards, figurative haniwa clay figures were erected in the construction of keyhole-shaped tombs such as Otaniyama Tomb No. 22, and they were among the first to build horizontal stone chambers with shelves and beams made of green schist. The grave goods are also strongly influenced by Korean culture, with ornaments such as hanging earrings and decorated sueki ware. In the mid-6th century, Shogunzuka Tomb, Gunnagazuka Tomb, and Tennozuka Tomb were lined up along the ridge of Iwahashi Maeyama, and the back wall of the Tennozuka Tomb's burial chamber was stacked vertically with shelves and eight beams to a ceiling height of 5.9 meters. This marked the peak of the group's history, with fragments of gilt bronze crowns and decorated sueki ware. The number of tombs decreased from the end of the 6th century to the 7th century, and large square tombs, such as Inobe Tomb No. 1, were built in place of keyhole-shaped tombs. There is a theory that the buried person was a member of the Kii Kuni no Miyatsuko family. Since the Meiji era, three surveys have been carried out, revealing the outline of the main area. The group of tombs has since been maintained as the "Kii Fudoki Hills." It was designated a national historic site in 1931 (Showa 6), and a special historic site in 1977.

[Inokuma Kanekatsu]

"Masao Suenaga et al., "Iwahashi Senzuka" (1967, Wakayama City Board of Education)"

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

和歌山市岩橋にある5世紀初頭から7世紀末までの約600基の大古墳群。紀ノ川南岸の岩橋山塊にあり、花山(はなやま)、大谷山(おおたにやま)、岩橋前山、井辺(いんべ)前山の丘陵順に盟主的な前方後円墳の築造の分布が移る。岩橋千塚はその総称である。古墳群の初期となる花山8号墳は粘土槨(ねんどかく)であったが、6世紀以後、大谷山22号墳のように前方後円墳の造り出しに形象埴輪(はにわ)を樹立させ、いち早く緑色片岩による棚、梁(はり)付きの横穴式石室を築く。副葬品も垂下式耳飾などの装身具、装飾付き須恵器(すえき)など朝鮮半島文化の影響を強く受けている。6世紀中ごろになると、岩橋前山の尾根筋に将軍塚古墳、郡長塚古墳、天王塚古墳が並び、天王塚古墳玄室は棚と8本の梁によって天井の高さ5.9メートルまで奥壁を垂直に積み上げる。金銅製冠断片、装飾付き須恵器など古墳群の最盛期を迎える。6世紀末から7世紀にかけて古墳数は減少し、井辺1号墳のように、前方後円墳にかわって大型の方墳が築かれる。被葬者を紀伊国造(きいのくにのみやつこ)家とする説がある。明治年間以来、3期の調査によって主要部分の概要が明らかとなった。その後、古墳群は「紀伊風土記(ふどき)の丘」として整備されている。1931年（昭和6）国の史跡に指定、52年に特別史跡に指定された。

［猪熊兼勝］

『末永雅雄他著『岩橋千塚』（1967・和歌山市教育委員会）』

出典　小学館　日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について　情報 | 凡例