It is the simplest dialdehyde and is also called oxalic aldehyde. In 1865, Heinrich Debus (1824-1915) of Germany discovered that it was produced when ethanol (ethyl alcohol) was oxidized with nitric acid. It was later discovered that it was also produced by the oxidation of ethylene glycol and acetaldehyde. It appears as a yellow crystal or liquid. Its vapor is green and it produces a purple flame when burned. It dissolves in water and in organic solvents such as ethanol and ether. It easily polymerizes and exists in the form of polyglyoxal in solution, but becomes a monomer when distilled. It is widely used in organic synthesis. It is also used for surface treatment of textiles and paper. [Masahiro Hirota] [Supplementary Material] |Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
もっとも簡単なジアルデヒドであり、シュウ酸アルデヒドともよばれる。 1865年ドイツのデブスHeinrich Debus(1824―1915)により、エタノール(エチルアルコール)を硝酸によって酸化する際に生成することが発見された。のちにエチレングリコール、アセトアルデヒドの酸化によっても生成することが知られた。黄色の結晶または液体。蒸気は緑色で燃えると紫色の炎を出す。水およびエタノール、エーテルなどの有機溶媒に溶ける。重合しやすく溶液中ではポリグリオキサールの形で存在するが、蒸留すると単量体になる。有機合成に多く利用されている。また繊維、紙の表面処理にも用いられる。 [廣田 穰] [補完資料] |出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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