Hishigaki Kaisen (Hishigaki Kaisen)

Japanese: 菱垣廻船(菱垣回船) - ひがきかいせん

During the Edo period, along with barrel ships, cargo ships made by the Hishigaki Kaisen wholesaler were the mainstay of maritime transport between Edo and Osaka, transporting cotton, oil, sake, vinegar, soy sauce, and other daily necessities needed by Edo. The ship type was a Yamato-style sailing ship called a bezaibune, commonly known as a cargo ship called a Sengoku-bune. The name Hishigaki comes from the diamond-patterned lattice decoration on the lower part of the fence on the inside side of the cargo ship, and at a glance it was a distinctive sign that the ship belonged to the Hishigaki Kaisen Association. With the dissolution of the stock association in 1841 (Tenpo 12), the wholesale association lost its monopoly, and the Hishigaki trademark became unnecessary and was abolished, and even after the stock association was re-established, the Hishigaki mark was never revived.

Source: Heibonsha World Encyclopedia, 2nd Edition Information

Japanese:

江戸時代に，樽廻船とともに江戸･大坂間の海運の主力となり，木綿，油，酒，酢，しょうゆ，その他江戸の必要とする日用品を輸送した菱垣廻船問屋仕立ての廻船。船型としては弁才船（べざいぶね）と呼ばれる大和型帆船で，通称は千石船と呼ばれた荷船である。菱垣とは廻船の玄側の垣立（かきだつ）の下部を菱組の格子で装飾したことに由来し，一見して菱垣廻船仲間所属の船であることを特徴づけたものである。1841年(天保12)の株仲間の解散で，従来の問屋仲間の独占を失い，菱垣のトレードマークも不要となって廃止され，株仲間再興後も菱垣のマークは復活することがなかった。

出典　株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典第２版について　情報

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