Public Service - Regret

Japanese: 公役 - くやく

〘noun〙 ("ku" is the Go-on pronunciation of "public") 1. A tax for official use. A public levy. Duties. Labor imposed by law or by the command of a ruler. Duties. Duties . ※Shoku Nihongi - Tenpyo Jingo 2nd year (766), May Ding Chou "The Daijokan reported, <abbreviated> The people of Fujino county are sparsely populated and the people are particularly poor and cold. They are forced to pay _two types of public _duties and _commit a crime." ※Essay, Oritaku Shiba no Ki (around 1716), "The daimyo and hatamoto submit to public duties." 2. Duties imposed on townspeople in Edo, Osaka, etc. in the Edo period as compensation for land taxes . Initially, one person was required to pay a duty for a frontage of 5 to 17 ken, and around 22 people were required to work a year, but after the Kyoho era ( 1716-36 ), it became a payment in gold. ※Shoho Jiroku - 1841, 26 April 1722 (Kyoho 7) "After all, in the case of town houses, if there are cases where the public traffic in the town is not working, it is a pavement matter."

Ko-eki [public office]

〘 noun 〙① Duties ordered by the state or a public organization. Such as military service. Kueki. [Modern Dictionary (1922)]② Public service. Also, a person engaged in public service. A government official. A civil servant. ※Before Dawn (1932-35) by Shimazaki Toson, Part 1 "The public service came all the way to my house because of that."

Public service

〘 noun 〙① In the Middle Ages, a public tax or duty. Complaint. ② Public funds imposed on townspeople in Edo, Osaka, etc. Duty money to be used for the expenses of the magistrate's office and town council offices. Complaint.

Source: The Selected Edition of the Japanese Language Dictionary About the Selected Edition of the Japanese Language Dictionary Information

Japanese:

〘名〙 (「く」は「公」の呉音)① 公用の課役。公的な賦課。所役。法令、あるいは支配者の命令によって課せられた労働。役(え)。夫役(ぶやく)。※続日本紀‐天平神護二年（766）五月丁丑「太政官奏曰〈略〉藤野郡者、地是薄塉、人尤貧寒。差_二科公役_一、触_レ途忩劇」※随筆・折たく柴の記（1716頃）中「大名・御旗本の人々、公役(クヤク)にしたがはむ事」② 江戸時代、地子(じし)の代償として江戸、大坂などの町人へ課した賦役。当初は間口五～一七間までを一人役とし、年間二二人内外を出役させたが、享保（一七一六‐三六）以降金納となった。※正宝事録‐一八四一・享保七年（1722）四月二六日「畢竟町屋之儀に候得は、町並之通公役不相勤罷有候儀は有之間鋪事に候」