Baekje - Crazy

Japanese: 百済 - くだら

A country that existed in the southwestern part of the Korean peninsula from the early 4th century until 660. Also called "Hyakusai." Founded with the Baekje Kingdom of Mahan at its center. Based on the founding myth, its royal family is said to have been immigrants from Buyeo and Goguryeo. The initial royal capital was Wiryeseong (the most popular theory is that it was Pungna-ri, Seongdong-gu, Seoul), and in 371 it moved to Hansanseong, where it attacked Pyongyang and defeated Goguryeo. The following year it was invested by the Eastern Jin Dynasty of China, and in 384 Buddhism was introduced to Korea. However, due to an offensive by Goguryeo in 475, it moved its capital to Kumseong (present-day Gongju, South Chungcheong Province) and tried to stop Goguryeo from moving south by forming an alliance with Silla, but this is when the Three Kingdoms period began in earnest. In 538, Baekje moved its capital to Si (present-day Buyeo, South Chungcheong Province) and prepared for the Three Kingdoms War by establishing a centralized court aristocracy system. In 552, Baekje regained control of the lower Han River basin, but lost it to Silla the following year. The Gaya countries under Baekje's control also fell to Silla in 562. In the 640s, Baekje launched an offensive against Silla, but was defeated by the combined forces of Tang and Silla in 660 and was destroyed. The remaining forces of the royal family, including Kimimura Fukunobu, tried to restore Baekje by allying with Wa (Japan), but surrendered in 663 after the Japanese army was defeated in the Battle of Baekgang. Baekje and Wa have had exchanges since the 4th century, but diplomatic relations with the Yamato dynasty are thought to have begun in the 6th century. Many immigrants came to Japan around the time of the fall of Baekje. In 2015, the Baekje Historic Sites were registered as a UNESCO World Heritage Site. The registered Baekje historical sites include Gongsanseong and Songsan-ri ancient tombs in Gongju, Gwanbuk-ri site, Busosanseong and Neungsan-ri ancient tombs, Jeongrimsa temple site, and Rajeong in Buyeo, and Wanggung-ri site and Maitreya site in Iksan, Jeollabuk-do, totaling eight sites.
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Baekje

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Source : Heibonsha Encyclopedia About MyPedia Information

Japanese:

朝鮮半島の南西部に４世紀前半から660年まで存続した国。〈ひゃくさい〉とも。馬韓の伯済国を中心として建国。始祖神話などからその王室は夫余・高句麗(こうくり)系の移住民とされる。初期の王都は慰礼城（ソウル市城東区風納里に比定する説が有力）で，371年漢山城に移り，この年に平壌城を攻めて高句麗を破った。翌年中国の東晋から冊封をうけ，384年には仏教も伝えられた。しかし475年高句麗の攻勢により，都を熊津(ゆうしん)（現，忠清南道の公州）へ移し，新羅(しらぎ)と結んで高句麗の南下を阻止しようとするが，このころから本格的な三国時代となる。538年泗【ひ】(しひ)（現，忠清南道の扶余）に遷都し，中央集権的な宮廷貴族制を整えて三国抗争に備えた。552年に漢江下流域を回復するが，翌年には新羅に奪われ，百済支配下にあった加羅諸国も562年に新羅の手に落ちた。640年代に百済は新羅に攻勢をかけるが，660年唐と新羅の連合軍に敗れて滅亡した。王族の鬼室福信らの残存勢力が倭（日本）と結んで百済復興をはかるが，663年に白村江の戦における日本軍の大敗により降服した。百済と倭は４世紀から交流があるが，大和王朝との国交は６世紀からとみられる。百済滅亡前後に多くの渡来人が日本に来た。2015年に百済歴史遺跡区がユネスコ世界遺産に登録された。登録された百済歴史遺跡は，公州の公山城・松山里古墳群，扶余の官北里遺跡および扶蘇山城・陵山里古墳群・定林寺跡・羅城，全羅北道益山の王宮里遺跡・弥勒跡など計８ヵ所。
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